해외진출 한국기업의 국내유턴(U-turn) 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

Abstract

To archive sustainable economic development, Korea requires an open economy, and also free trading is a basic condition for open economics. This is exceedingly true to all the countries and regions in the present world. Free trading has become one of the most significant trends of the world development. So, the way of economic relationship is based on the FDI(Foreign direct investment). FDI plays an extraordinary and growing role in global business. It can provide a firm with new markets and marketing channels, cheaper production facilities, access to new technology, products, skills and financing. For a host country or the foreign firm which receives the investment, it can provide a source of new technologies, capital, processes, products, organizational technologies and management skills, and as such can provide a strong impetus to economic development. Making a direct foreign investment allows companies to accomplish several tasks: avoiding foreign government pressure for local production, circumventing trade barriers, hidden and otherwise, making the move from domestic export sales to a locally-based national sales office, capability to increase total production capacity, opportunities for co-production, joint ventures with local partners, joint marketing arrangements, licensing, etc. The U.S. subprime mortgage crisis was a set of events and conditions that led to the late-2000s financial crisis, characterized by a rise in subprime mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures, and the resulting decline of securities backed by said mortgages. External factors such as slowing global economy and the credit crunch problem since the U.S. subprime debacle are globally-shared challenges which Korea cannot do much about, the problem is that foreigners are not really attracted to Korea anymore and, also wages in China and south-east asia countries are climbing at 15 to 20 percent a year, according to Boston Consulting Group on Wednesday, 23 May, 2012 and speed to market is becoming more critical, as companies keep lower manufacturing places and inventories. To meet consumer's desires, the customized products are become more and more ravenous. In order to stay relevant, companies have to be able to adapt very quickly. The way is being somewhat close to target market. Instead of producing a big lot overseas and shipping it market, companies can now rapidly assemble supply chains wherever they're selling the product. They save on logistics costs, take advantage of the local currency, and generate good will in the market. The other hand, the main production base in the emerging markets of worsening business environment, EU, ​​signed an FTA with the advantages of domestic production as they emerged in the domestic, the atmosphere is expected to increase the demand for domestic return. It is well known that the producer benefits as firms into China due to the haze content market, including wage increases, the regulations of the Chinese government, interest groups, proliferation, piracy, imitation gradually being destroyed in Concerns about technology leakage, deterioration, hidden costs, such as the incidence of global companies with a production base in the emerging markets are common opinion. And our government support measures to strengthen the national U-turn for companies in these flows. Support measures, such as the Korea U-turn for corporate income tax exemption for a period of time, giving industrial complex rent upon reduction was announced. Also accessories, clothing, shoes, electronics, and machinery industries, such as the recent launch industry U-turn TF(task force) and U-turn plans to install and operate the Corporate Support Center, KOTRA, and won policy measures to strengthen the one-stop support services are taking place. Actual case of these industries, it has been reported that the group U-turn are willing to. In this study, comes to the company's overseas markets, foreign direct investment theory and FDI inflow factors, global FDI trends and characteristics Korea's direct investment in structure and features and at the same time looking examined. Environment to enable domestic investment plans and the national U-turn for Korea U-turn activation policies, especially through previous studies were examined comprehensively and systematically classified as a U-turn policy enable comparative study suggested. Domestic factors are as follows; First, China's investment environment changes(Chinese government regulation and control, strengthening China wages surge, fierce competition of Chinese mainland companies and environmental issues raising). Second, promote the Korea FTA and FTA spread the world. Third, other factors(Lack of synergies due to the simple production areas, Overseas orientation, industry specific advance, uniformity and simplicity of foreign aid agencies, lack of overseas and local policy U-turns of the corporate social responsibility) The problem of Korea U-turn strategies are as follows; First, the overseas liquidation limits, Second, tax abatements, land purchase costs and support limits, Third, the relationship between support and trade frictions, Fourth, local governments attract marginal, Fifth, corporate-friendly policy limits. Through the U-turn, Korean economy as a whole production firms to prevent the relocation of production to China and are able to attract and facilitate investment already entered the company's U-turn and the effect of increasing the employment, as well as harbor(or airport) in the position of the traffic increase due to the effect of causing the U-turn companies will be able to receive benefits. First, it is needed to make goals and directions for the u-turn policies; the promote measures and directions of U-turn and policy measures. Second, the government's supports are needed to expand; have to support of strengthening and target mitigation, have to utilize Free economic zone , have to leverage FTA, have to Invest constraint relieves, have to clear the obstacles to resolve the investment of new growth engines, have to raise a virtuous cycle of SME support, have to supply the effective land to run company. Third, it is needed to use the FTA advantages; Enterprises of Korea FTA Utilizing a U-turn support, FTA linking the free economic zone enhanced the attractiveness of investing, actively attract foreign investment through the FTA effects. Fourth, it should take advantage of the Kaesong Industrial Complex; must develop Kaesong Industrial Complex performance, must have the competitiveness of the Kaesong Industrial Complex, and must overcome the challenges and limitations.