광주지역 일부 초등학생에서 스트레스 정도에 따른 식습관 및 영양소 섭취량 관련성 연구

Abstract

This study aims to identify the relations between dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes according to stress of elementary school students, and present basic data for education of desirable eating habits for them, and the results of the study are presented as follows: In comparing family types in nutrient intake levels, expanded family took in more protein and there was a significant difference between the subjects(p<0.05). In intake of lipid, expanded families had more lipid, which means there was a significant difference between the subjects(p<0.001). Nuclear families took in more phosphorus(p<0.01) and cholesterol(p<0.001), which is significant. The total score of stress in the subjects was 82 out of 160, which means they have medium level of stress. As a result of analysing general environmental factors according to stress degrees, there was a significant difference between the subjects according to gender and age(p<0.01, p<0.01). In respect to dietary habits and behaviors according to stress degrees, there were significant differences in 14 out of 19 items. There were significant differences in the following items: unbalanced diet(p<0.01), eating various vegetables(p<0.01), eating protein everyday(p<0.05), drinking milk everyday(p<0.01), exercise everyday(p<0.001), eating meals and between meals regularly(p<0.01), slow eating(p<0.01), eating less salty, sweety and oily food(p<0.001), eating fresh milk and fruit(p<0.01), eating less snacks, soda and fast food(p<0.05), trying to eat with family(p<0.01), washing hands before eating(p<0.01), eating with right position and giving thanks before eating(p<0.001), and not leaving food(p<0.001). In respect to scores of dietary habits and behaviors, scores of the group with high stress(HS) were 43.6±6.8 while those of the group with low stress(LS) were 48.1±6.6, which is significant(p<0.001). In respect to general environmental characteristics according to stress levels, the subjects had more stress when they were girl, were aged, had less allowances and their mothers had job. For the relations between dietary habits and behaviors according to stress, they had right eating habits when they had less stress, and they had bad eating habits when they had more stress. The suggestions for further studies are presented based on the results of the study: First, elementary school students may have undesirable dietary habits because of stress, but as they may have stress because of wrong dietary habits and behaviors, they have to be instructed through connection with specific nutrient education and families. Second, as this study was limited to some elementary school students, the results can not be generalized to all the elementary school students. Third, the study identified the correlations between stress levels and dietary life, but as there have been few studies on how to improve dietary life and to mitigate stress, more specific studies and real surveys are needed with uses of a questionnaire and individual interview.