국제 경쟁력 강화를 위한 중국 디자인정책과 전략에 관한 연구

Abstract

Design, an important factor in management of enterprises to enhance national competitiveness in the 21st century, helps us to have advantages in fierce competitions between countries and enterprises, enhance and differentiate values of products. It provides convenience and prosperity for individuals, leading to higher satisfaction in their life. This study suggests directions of Chinese design promotion policy to enhance design competitiveness through examining design promotion policy of China, hoping that they will be helpful to development of design promotion policy which is appropriate for changed environment of China in the 21st century.

This global society has been paying attention to the important effect of design industry on higher global competitiveness. Many countries and districts have developed and realized programs to support design policy as means to promote their development. Decision makers of each country have recognized the reason and objectives to enhance design, but countries and districts should develop and realize specialization policies as competitiveness has been increased.

A few design policies and promotion programs have been introduced to design field to achieve national competitiveness. Advanced countries have supported design strategies which are differentiated in various ways. The main policy in this area gives a focus on relationship between design capability and wellbeing as a necessary factor which the government supports and implements to obtain economic, cultural and social profits through multi-disciplinary approach. Through policy is very important to all the international governments, organizations, and research institutes. through programs should have long-term monitoring to develop the optimal national design programs and lead in its development as well as qualitative and quantitative research.

Design policies of each country is close to its industrial area. For example, declaration of Korean government which gave a focus on design in national strategies facilitated growth of SAMSUNG and LG, and became energy of national economic development. In international markets, Danish government supported design through an official resolution as it promised in 2007. However, such examples of success could not be automatically applied for other countries. Design policy and its strategic arrangement are restricted by dynamics of design industry and a large context of economy. As various design industries and economic environment are significantly different, such variables should be seriously considered in developing design policy. Therefore, a basic problem is how such variables influence design policy. That is, how design policy changes dynamics in design industry. To identify it, this study analysed two different design policies: One is to represent economy of intelligent markets based on design policies and promotion organizations of advanced countries(England, Finland, Japan and Korea) and the other is to represent industrial economy of China.

Transfer of industrial base of England to knowledge-based industry was a cause of decreased productivity in manufacturing industry, which was demonstrated through conversion into advanced science and technological industry. Values of design ical been considered more nsportant through innovation and encouragement of England due to such changes. Korea has made enormous investment to education and employment of designers. Japan has achieved great success in design industry using incentive system for good design.

It is difficult to enthusiastically support design industry because of the vulnerable structure of design policy system. Design policy based on conceptual characteristics of design should be liberal, creative and predicable, and enhance national competitiveness. However, it is hard for political system in initial stage to secure ability to promote design industry which is a core of creative and predictable national industries.

To maintain such vision of design policy, this study investigated design policy of Chinese governments and analysed problems to establish the concept of design policy. Specifically, the study analysed goals of design policy of China, the systematic model of design policy, design promotion and support, design education and political direction of design organizations.

To effectively execute the directions of research-oriented design policy, the followings should be considered:

First, the government should develop design policy plans for innovation of management models of industry and healthy environment of design industry, nurture specialized human resources and enhance national design consciousness. Second, the government should develop plans and directions to enhance “design industry of China” and reinforce design institutes and university education. Third, independent design promotion institutes for design industry R&D should be established to create unique design styles and pursue future design industry. Fourth, the government should purchase good design products which were awarded at China red star and designate design creation districts. Last, national design industry should give a focus on four sections: policy and supply plans to allocate design resources, needs of corporations, pubic design and design education.

Key words : design policy, design industry, design promotion institutes, design education and design promotion