간호사의 의사소통과 셀프리더십이 간호업무성과에 미치는 효과

Abstract

간호사의 의사소통 및 셀프리더십과 간호업무성과와의 관련성을 규명하기 위해 광주지역 1개 대학병원 간호사 370명을 대상으로 2010년 9월 15일부터 9월30일까지 구조화된 설문지를 사용하여 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시한 후 한 후 응답이 불충실한 12명을 제외한 358명을 최종분석 대상으로 하였다. 조사대상자의 일반적 특성, 직업적 특성, 건강행태, 셀프리더십, 의사소통, 스트레스, 등을 조사하고 간호업무 성과와의 관련성은 t-test, ANOVA, 피어슨의 상관분석, 그리고 다변량 회귀분석을 사용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 간호업무성과는 월수입에 따라서는 200만원 이하 군에 비해 300만원 이하 군에서 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.001), 부서경력이 길수록 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 셀프리더십과 의사소통은 점수가 높아질수록 간호업무성과 점수도 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001). 연령이 높고, 종교가 있는 경우 간호업무성과와 경계역 수준의 양의 연관성을 보였고, 3년제 졸업에 비해 4년제 졸업, 내과계 근무자에 비해 응급실 근무자에서 경계역 수준(p<0.1)의 음의 연관성을 보였다. 이 회귀모형에 의한 설명력은 60.7%이었다. 결혼상태, 직위, 밤번 횟수, 의사소통과 셀프리더십 교육 유무, 건강인식, 규칙적 운동 유무, 만성질환 유무 그리고 스트레스 등은 간호업무성과와 유의한 관련이 없었다. 결론적으로 병원간호사의 간호업무성과는 병원조직 내에서의 의사소통과 셀프리더십이 유의한 관련이 있었다. 따라서 병원간호사의 간호업무성과를 향상시키기 위한 효과적인 방안으로는 병원조직 내에서의 원활한 의사소통과 셀프리더십을 향상시키기 위한 연구와 개발이 적극적으로 필요하다고 사료된다.|In rapidly changing medical environment where most of the hospitals have paid more attention to globalism and management strategies for customer-oriented quality medical services, nursing organization which occupies more than 50% of the medical staff and has to provide quality services as the closest section to customers of medical services should reinforce the professional capacity of members. In addition, for complicated and dynamic nursing practices, only leadership of a few members can not satisfy the needs of customers and achieve competitive performance. Therefore, leadership which can give voluntary motive to nurses and communication ability which can deal with problems in organizations as mediators are determinants of organizational performances. (Argyris, 1965). To identify the relations between communication and leadership of nurses on organizational performances, this study interviewed 370 nurses working at a university hospital in Gwangu using an organized self-report type questionnaire from September 15, 2010 to September 30, 2010 and used 358 responses except 12 insincere ones for a final analysis. The interview was designed to analyse their general characteristics, occupational characteristics, health behaviors, self-leadership, communication, stress, subjective depression and nursing performances and the data collected had the following analyses to identify relations between the variables and nursing performances: t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlations Analysis and multi-variate regression analysis. The results were presented as follows: As a result of the analysis, it was discovered that performances of the group whose monthly income is below 3 million won were significantly higher than that of the group whose monthly income is below 2 million won(p<0.001). The performances were significantly higher as the subjects had more career (p<0.05). As they had higher points in communication and self-leadership, they showed significantly higher performances(p<0.001). As their ages and religion had positive relations with performances, and 4-year university graduation and emergency personnel had negative relations with performances(p<0.1). The explanatory power of the regression model was 60.7%. Marriage, positions, number of night shift, training on communication and self-leadership, health perception, regular exercise, chronic diseases and stress had no significant relations with nursing performances. In conclusion, this study discovered that nursing performances had significant relations with communication and self-leadership. Therefore, this study suggests that active research and development to enhance organizational communication and self-leadership are needed for higher nursing performances.