원예복지 프로그램이 여성노인의 안녕감에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The present study was aimed to examine whether the horticulture welfare program affects to improve the well-being in the female elderly, improve the self-esteem, and decrease the hopelessness, the depression, emotional?physical stress. This research is non-equivalent design control group pretest-posttest study was performed. Sixty-four subjects aged over 60, living in G city, were studied. They were assigned either for the experimental(n = 34) or for the control group(n = 30). The experimental group participated in horticulture welfare program consisting of 90 minutes per 2 times a week during the period of 12 weeks. The research tools were Rosenberg(1965)`s self-esteem questionnaires(6 point scale)with minor revision of Jeon(1989), Beck(1974)`s hopelessness(6 point scale), Radloff(1977)`s depression(4 point scale) and Park(1999)`s emotional?physical stress(6 point scale). Data were collected between the 1st November in 2007 and 31st January in 2008, and analyzed by χ2- test, t-test and paired t-test using a SPSS 11.5 program. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The condition between test group and control group, before the test was almost equivalent(p > .05). 2. Hypothesis 1 : Test groups that were provided horticulture welfare program have more improved on self-esteem than the control group. This was supported. There was a significant change for on self-esteem of test group after the program(t = -2.308, p = .027). And there was no significant change on self-esteem of control group(t = 1.000, p = .325). After the programs there was significant change between test group and control group(t = 3.991, p = .000). 3. Hypothesis 2 : Test groups that were provided horticulture welfare program have more decreased on hopelessness than the control group. This was supported. There was a significant change on hopelessness of test group after the program(t = 2.197, p = .035). And there was no significant change on cognitive function of control group(t = -1.000, p = .325). After the programs there was significant change between test group and control group(t = -2.704, p = .009). 4. Hypothesis 3 : Test groups that were provided horticulture welfare program have more decreased on depression than the control group. This was supported. There was a significant change for on depression of test group after the program(t = 2.074, p = .046). And there was no significant change on depression of control group(t = -1.000, p = .327). After the programs there was significant change between test group and control group(t = -2.307, p = .024). 5. Hypothesis 4 : Test groups that were provided horticulture welfare program have more decreased on emotional stress than the control group. This was supported. There was a significant change for on emotional stress of test group after the program(t = 3.301, p = .002). And there was no significant change on emotional stress of control group(t = -1.000, p = .325). After the programs there was significant change between test group and control group(t = -4.379, p = .000). 6. Hypothesis 5 : Test groups that were provided horticulture welfare program have no decrease on physical stress than the control group. This was rejected. After the programs there was no significant change between test group and control group((t = 1.236, p = .225). These results indicate that the horticulture welfare program may be effective to improve the well-being in the female elderly. It may be desirable for the female elderly to develop and continuously practice horticulture welfare program.y.