보육교사의 직무스트레스 척도 개발

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop an instrument for job stress, to verify its factor structure, reliability, and validity, and to analyze the differences job stress levels with demographic categories including gender, age, an educational background, marital status, career, and a type of child-care facility. The informations for factors caused job stress were gathered through extensive literature reviews and contents were validated with 4 child-care professionals and 10 child-care teachers using items obtained from a sample of 51 open-questionnaires survey. This procedures resulted in 239-item preliminary version. Exploratory factor analysis for 239 items were carried out by 860 people and revealed 74 items representing the 7 major dimensions (i.e., job related stressors, person related stressors, environment related stressors, child related stressors, co-worker related stressors, parent related stressors, administration related stressors). Data analysis indicated that internal consistency and test-retest reliability were acceptable. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the fit indices were marginally acceptable, suggesting further refinement of the items. Moreover, the data from 860 people was used to analyze the differences job stress levels depending on demographic categories. Female teachers, 51-60 years old group, and single group had higher stress levels than other groups regarding job related stressors, person related stressors, and co-worker related stressors. An educational background, career, and a type of child-care facility also were statistically significant related to job stress.