ABS와 PBT 혼합 폐플라스틱 재질분리를 위한마찰하전형 정전선별에 관한 연구

Abstract

Korea is the world's 4th plastic producing nation next to USA, Japan and Germany due to development of oil industry. Plastic consumption is about 100㎏ per person and ranked 8th in the world and 4 million tons of waste plastic occurs annually. Plastic usage is increasing more than 10% every year, because the lack of developing a replacement material with good material characteristic such as high function, hygiene, convenience and economic. Therefore, more than 5 million ton of waste product is predicted to occur in 5 years, but the recycling rate of waste plastic is only 20 ~ 30%, and the rest of 70 ~ 80% is disposed by reclamation and incineration methods. Hence, it is evaluated to have great environmental problems as well as economic problems. Generally, technologies for waste plastic recycling are energy, chemical and material recycling. However, if a different kind of plastics are mixed, none of the technologies is not effective because the rate of recycling decreases. Therefore, material separation technology of waste plastic is most important in recycling. Specially, there is a need for inexpensive technology considering the price of plastic. The triboelectrostatic separation is a method that separates the particles charged by means of particle/particle and particle/charger charging mechanisms, due to its work function or tribo series of materials through electric field. This separation method can improve separation efficiency according to development of charging material and charger. Also, Energy consumption is less, equipment and processing cost are inexpensive. In this study, we carried out the research on materials separation of ABS and PBT mixing waste plastic by triboelectrostatic separation. ABS and PBT mixing waste plastic is consist of scrap of cars, electric and electronic goods which are destroyed by reclamation and incineration methods. In charging characteristic research, PP material is verified as the optimum charger material for material separation of ABS and PBT mixing waste plastic. Therefore, we carried out the research on materials separation using pipe-line PP charger. Good test results were obtained with the recover ABS material of 92.5% and PBT removal of 100% in optimum test conditions.

Key words : waste plastic, material separation, work function, triboelectrostatic separation, charging material