자폐장애아동 어머니의 성격유형과 스트레스와의 관계

Abstract

The objective of this study is to clarify the relationship between personality type and stress level of mothers of children with autistic disorder. In this work, the following study issues were selected to attain the objective. First, how are the personality types of mothers of children with autistic disorder? Second, how is the stress level of mothers of children with autistic disorder? Third, how are the stress factors of mothers of children with autistic disorder? Fourth, how is the relationship between personality type and stress level of mothers of children with autistic disorder? Fifth, how are relationship between personality type and stress factor of mothers of children with autistic disorder? The study were performed on 43 mothers who have children with autistic disorder, being cured at 3 neuropsychiatric hospitals for children locate in Gwangju. In this study, the personality type was identified using MBTI(Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) and the stress was tested using a tool proposed by Yoon, Soo-Yong. The results are as follows; 1) As for the psychological temperament of mother, 26 of 43 mothers were identified as SJ(sensitive judging) type and 17 of 43 mothers were SP(sensitive perception) type. Thus, the number of mothers with SJ type were greater than those with SP type. 2) Average stress level of all mothers tested was 2.77 as Likert scale. This is lower than that expected. It is thought that the lower score of stress is associated with the increasing social receptivity to disorder and with a lower role-expectation to their children. 3) The ranking of causes of all the mother's stress was as follows; The first was the cause of disorder and the treatment and education of their children. The second was the negative image feeling themselves. The third was mother's ordinary life. The fourth was the in-family and social relationships. 4) The stress level was clearly different with mother's personality type. The stress level of mothers identified as SP type was higher than that of mothers classified as SJ type. This is because the persons with SP type usually want to be free, impetuous, and ostentatious so that they would to be inconvenient and ashamed to their children with autistic disorder. 5) The ranking of cause of mother's stress was also different with their personality type. For mothers identified as SJ type, the ranking of causes of stress was firstly the cause of disorder and the treatment and education of children with disorder, secondly mother's ordinary life, thirdly the negative image feeling themselves, and fourthly the in-family and social relationships. For mothers of SP type, however, the ranking was firstly the cause of disorder and the treatment and education of children with disorder, secondly the negative image feeling themselves, thirdly mother's ordinary life, and fourthly the family and social relationships. As for relationship between personality type and stress factor, in addition, there were significant difference in the stress factor related to the in-family and social relationships. The mothers with SP type showed higher stress at the stress factor related to the in-family and social relationships compared to the mothers with SJ type.