적절한 임프란트 식립을 위한 이공과 이관의 해부학적 고려사항

Abstract

The mental foramen is located between the first and second premolar regions. The direction of mental canal is commonly described as being outward, backward, upward from its origin at the mandibular canal. The mental nerve is a terminal branch of the inferior alveolar nerve that passes through the mental foramen, supplying sensory innervation to the lower lip, buccal vestibule, and gingiva of the mandibular premolar regions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the position of the mental foramen and the length and the direction of the mental canal in Korean. In this study, 41 adult dry mandibles were investigated independently by four observers. The position of the mental foramen and the distance from the mandibular inferior border were measured using conventional ruler. The length of the mental canal was measured directly using periodontal probe. The horizontal and vertical angles of the mental canal were measured by protractor. The student's T-test was carried out to assess right and left side difference. The results were as follows : 1. The majority of the mental foramen were located below the second premolar (66.1%), and then between the first and second premolars(27.4%). 2. The distance between the mental foramen and the inferior border of mandible was 14.41±1.47㎜(mean±SD) in right side and 14.36±1.42㎜ in left side(P>0.05). 3. The length of the mental canal was 7.81±1.12㎜ in right side and 7.95±1.00㎜ in left side(P>0.05). 4. The horizontal angle of the mental canal was 24.26±5.47° in right side and 24.81±4.787° in left side(P>0.05). 5. The vertical angle of the mental canal was 27.34±4.55° in right side and 28.79±4.11° in left side(P>0.05). 6. The length of anterior loop of the mental canal was 7.11±1.15㎜ in right side and 7.07±0.99㎜ in left side(P>0.05). These results suggest that dentist have to consider the mental foramen and mental canal when attempting to achieve regional anesthesia, periodontal surgery, and endosseous implants.