미니돼지에서 Acellular dermal matrix에 배양된 치주인대섬유모세포을 이용한 자가치아이식술 : 치주인대로써의 잠재력에 대한 조직학적 평가

Abstract

The tooth transplantation is widely used today because the clinicians make efforts to diminish the frequent occurrence of ankylosis and root resorption. Soft tissue graft , the periodontal ligament graft and the periodontal lingament tissue culturing techniques was used to reduce and prevent ankylosis and root resorption of teeth with extensive damage. But, these techniques should be influenced by the adjacent periodontal ligament, because the periodontal ligament was removed partially on teeth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of periodontal ligament regeneration when autotransplantion was used by the periodontal ligament fibroblasts cultured on the acellulardermal matrix in teeth without periodontal ligament. One minipig was used. Mandibular and maxillary permanent incisors were extracted for the culture of the periodontal ligament cells. The periodontal ligament tissue attached to the middle third of the root was removed carefully with the curette. Periodontal ligament cells were embedded in acellular dermal matrix(Alloderm). Roots of unextracted teeth were classified into the positive control group, in which normal periodontal ligament was preserved. Roots of extracted teeth were divided into the negative control group, in which the periodontal ligament was removed and acellular dermal matrix was not applied, and the experimental group, in which the periodontal ligament was removed and periodontal ligament fibroblast cultured on acellular dermal matrix was applied. Mandibular premolars on both sides were extracted to provide recipient beds for transplantation of the roots. Each bone cavity was drilled at low speed with shaping drills. The root canals of extracted teeth were filled with IRM and extracted roots were planed by curettage for the removal of the periodontal ligament tissue. Prepared teeth were transplanted, and these were completely submerged with physical barrier membranes. The animal was sacrified 4 weeks after the autotransplantation. The transplanted teeth were examined histologically. The results are as follows. 1. When periodontal ligament fibroblasts cultured on acellular cermal matrix were observed after 3 weeks, periodontal ligament fibroblasts were showed. 2. Periodontal ligament was normal in the positive control group, and ankylosis are discovered on the denuded root surface in the negative control group. 3.The periodontal ligament-like connective tissue was found adjacent to the denuded root and the new cementum-like layer of hard tissue was formed in the experimental group. 4. No ankylosis are discovered on the denuded root surface in the experimental group. These suggest that the periodontal ligament fibroblasts cultured on the acellular dermal matrix may play a role in the regeneration of periodontal ligament-like tissue with new cememtum-like tissue formation.