청소년의 스포츠활동 참여가 정신건강과 일탈행동에 미치는 영향

Abstract

This study analyzed how youths' sports activities influence on their deviant behavior and mental health, demonstrated the effectiveness of sports activities, and furnishes useful information to promote to understand the value of sports education in educational institutions This study conducted a survey of sports activities on sports-participants and non-sports-participants of 1,250 students attending high schools in Gwangju and Jeonnam region as of December, 2004. The questionnaire in this study was made up on the basis of Kim Hyunsook's questionnaire(1998) which was based on YRBSS(Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System)(kann. et al., 1993) designed by CDC(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), "The Measure of Stress" by Yoo Anjin & Han Mihyun(1994), Han Jongwook's questionnaire on "The Measure of deviant behavior in the Internet"(2001), and Shin Younggyun's questionnaire on the sports activities(1998). To analyze the collected data for the aims of this study, this study adapted T-verification with statistical program SPSS 10.1, One-way ANOVA, Categorical regression, and Correlation analysis. Through the above methods and procedure, this study came to the below conclusions. 1. Male students who are sports-participants show higher rate both in mental health and in deviant behaviors than female students. On the other hand, second graders who are sports-participants show higher rate of mental health, and third graders show higher rate of the deviant behaviors. Sports-participant students living in smaller cities show higher rate both in mental health and in deviant behaviors. Students in coeducational schools show higher rate in anxiety and mental depression. Antagonism show higher rate in boys' high schools, and self-effectiveness show higher rate in girls' high schools. Deviant behaviors in the Internet and runaway from home show higher rate in boys' high schools, school violence shows higher rate in girls' high schools, and sexual deviant shows the highest rate in coeducational schools. 2. According to the type of sports-participation, 'personal sports' show higher deviation in stress, self-esteem, self-control, mental depression, and runaway from home than ‘individual sports’ and 'team sports'. According to the level of sports-participation, 'systematic participation' shows higher deviation in self-esteem, mental depression, deviant behaviors in the Internet, sexual deviant, and runaway from home. And 'non-systematic participation' shows higher deviation in stress, self-effectiveness, school violence, and taking prohibitive drug. According to the strength of sports-participation, over 2 hours' participation shows higher deviation in anxiety, hostility, self-control, mental depression, deviant behaviors in the Internet, sexual deviant, runaway from home and taking prohibitive drug. And according to the frequency of sports-participation, over 5 days' participation shows higher deviation in anxiety, self-esteem, school violence and stress. According the period of sports-participation, the period of 1 year or less shows higher deviation in self-effectiveness, self-esteem, school violence and stress, and the period of 4 ~6 years shows higher deviation in anxiety, self-control, mental depression, and sexual deviant. 3. This study shows that sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factors of anxiety, hostility, self-effectiveness, self-esteem, self-control, and mental depression. In particular, the factors of self-effectiveness, self-control, and mental depression are meaningfully influenced by the level of sports-participation. The necessary time and days of sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factor of hostility and self-esteem. The necessary time and period of sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factor of anxiety. 4. The necessary time and period of sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factor of deviant behaviors in the Internet. The necessary time of sports-participation has the most meaningful influence on the factor of sexual deviant, and the level of sports-participation has meaningful influence on the factor of school violence, runaway from home and prohibitive drug. 5. Regardless of sports-participation, while deviant behaviors in the Internet increase, school violences decrease. And the increase of deviant behaviors in the Internet accompany the increase of sexual deviant, runaway from home, and taking prohibitive drug. Sports-participation has strong interrelation with the factors of self-effectiveness and self-esteem. This study came to the conclusion that youths' sports-participation has great influence on the factors of mental health and deviant behaviors. And schools and the Ministry of Education should develope systematic and specific sports program for youths. Because sports-participation involves very important details to understand human behaviors and youths' socialization, and gives good opportunities to experience social order and value to youths.