유아의 자아존중감과 리더십 관계에서 유아 자아탄력성 매개효과

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between children's self-esteem, ego-resilience, and young children's leadership, and in this relationship, the effect of children's self-esteem on leadership and the mediating effect of children's ego-resilience on leadership. For this purpose, the following research questions were set. 1) What are the general trends of children's self-esteem, leadership, and children's ego-resilience? 2) What is the correlation between children's self-esteem, leadership, and children's ego-resilience? 3) What is the mediating effect on children's ego-resilience in the relationship between children's self-esteem and leadership? To solve this research problem, a survey was conducted on children aged 3 to 5 who are enrolled in a kindergarten in the city of G, and the children's homeroom teachers responded to the questionnaire for the three variables. Of the collected questionnaires, only 217 copies suitable for research were used as research data. The collected survey data was processed in the following way using the SPSS 26.0 program. First, a frequency analysis was conducted to confirm the general background of the research subjects. Second, reliability was measured using Cronbach's α, a reliability coefficient, to verify the internal consistency between items of the measurement tool. Third, Pearson correlation analysis was confirmed to examine the relationship between infant self-esteem, infant ego-resilience, and infant leadership. Fourth, in order to verify the mediating effect of infant ego-resilience in the relationship between infant self-esteem and leadership, mediation regression analysis through a three-step process proposed by Baron & Kenny(1986) was used, and for statistical significance verification Sobel's Test was conducted. Significance level of all analyzes was performed at the α=.05 level. The results of the research analyzed through data collection are summarized as follows. First, looking at the general trends of infant self-esteem, infant self-resilience, and infant leadership, the overall average of infant self-esteem was high, followed by self-value, relationship, self-responsibility, and achievement. Next, in infant ego resilience, the overall average was relatively high, followed by initiative, attachment, self-control, and problem behavior. Finally, the overall average of early childhood leadership showed a high level, followed by sensitivity, voluntary immersion, sociability, and initiative. Second, as a result of analyzing the correlation between infant self-esteem, infant self-resilience, and infant leadership, it was found that the total score of infant self-esteem, infant self-resilience, and infant leadership had a positive correlation as a whole. A significant correlation was found in the correlation analysis between early childhood self-esteem and early childhood leadership. In other words, it was found that children who had positive self-esteem had higher leadership. Next, a significant correlation was found in the correlation analysis between infant self-esteem and infant ego-resilience. In other words, it was found that the higher the child's self-esteem, the higher the ego-resilience. Finally, a significant correlation was found in the correlation analysis between infant ego resilience and infant leadership. In other words, the higher the child's ego-resilience, the higher the child's leadership. Third, as a result of examining the mediating effect of children's ego-resilience in the relationship between children's self-esteem and leadership, it was found that children's ego-resilience had a significant effect as a partial parameter. This indicates that although children's self-esteem directly affects leadership, children's ego-resilience has an indirect effect on the relationship between children's self-esteem and leadership, playing a significant mediating role. Considering the results of the above studies, By clarifying the mediating effect of infant ego-resilience in the relationship between child's self-esteem and infant leadership, it was confirmed that infant ego-resilience is an important variable in positive self-esteem formed in early childhood influencing infant leadership development. In addition, this study is significant in that it conducted a study on self-esteem and ego-resilience, which had been insufficiently studied among the personal factors of young children that affect early childhood leadership. Finally, through the results of this study, it is hoped that children's self-esteem and children's ego-resilience, which have recently been attracting attention for leadership of children, will become important mediators and have a positive effect on children's holistic development.