노인복지프로그램 참여에 따른 신체적 자아개념과 건강관리행동이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The Effects of Physical Self-Concept and Health Care Behaviors on Quality of Life in Participation in Welfare Programs for the Elderly

Park, Yen-Ji Advisor : Prof. Park, Jun-Hee Ph. D. Major in Dance Education Graduate School of Education, Chosun University

This study conducted a questionnaire survey on physical self-concept, health care behaviors, and quality of life according to the types of participation in sports programs in the elderly in order to contribute to their improvement of health and quality of life. The subjects were a total of 206 elderly people with 30 men and 176 women. The results were as follows.

1. The comparison of physical self-concept according to socio- demographic factors was analyzed. For sex, a high response was found in appearances and physical activity for woman and in all factors but appearances and physical activity for men. For a participation period, a high response was found in exercise confidence for less than 6 months; in flexibility and obesity for 6 months or more but less than 1 year; in physical activity for 1 year or more but less than 2 years, and in appearances, endurance, health, muscular strength, self-esteem, and whole body for 2 years or more. For participation per week, a high response was found in flexibility for less than twice and in all factors but physical activity for 4 times or more. For a participation item, yoga participants had a high response in appearances, exercise confidence, and health; dance sports participants, in endurance; line dance participants, in physical activity; Korean Folk Dance participants, in flexibility, muscular strength, self-esteem, and whole body; and daily gymnastics participants, in obesity.

2. The comparison of health care behaviors according to socio- demographic factors was analyzed. For sex, a high response was found in health care for women and in internal and external relations and physical activity for men. For age, a high response was found in internal and external relations for 76 to 80 years old and in health care and physical activity for over 81 years old. For education, the college graduate group had a high response in all sub-factors. 2 years or more of a participation period, 4 times or more of participation per week, and dance sports participants showed a high response in all sub-factors.

3. The comparison of quality of life according to socio-demographic factors was analyzed. For sex, a high response was found in living environment for women and in all factors but living environment for men. 76-80 years old of age and college graduates of education had a high response in all sub-factors. For a participation period, a high response was found in physical and mental factors for 1 year or more but less than 2 years and in living environment, family and relatives, friends, and interpersonal relationship, consciousness and economy, and occupation and routine for 2 years or more. 4 times or more of participation per week and dance sports participants had a high response in all sub-factors.

4. The correlation among physical self-concept, health care behaviors, and quality of life was analyzed. Flexibility of physical self-concept was statistically significantly correlated with health care, internal and external relations, and physical activity of health care behaviors, and all sub-factors of quality of life except living environment, family and relatives, friends, and interpersonal relationship, consciousness and economy, and occupation and routine.

5. The effects of physical self-concept and health care behaviors on quality of life were analyzed. The high sub-factors of physical self-concept had statistically significant effects on living environment and occupation, and had positive effects on all sub-factors of quality of life. The high health care behaviors factors had positive effects on all sub-factors of quality of life.

Based on the results, when the elderly improve physical self-concept and health care behaviors through constant participation in senior welfare programs, their daily quality of life will be improved.