광주지역 일부 중학생의 간식 구매 행동과 학교 급식 이용 실태

Abstract

This study was conducted to provide the basis for the formation of correct eating habits by examining general characteristics, dietary habits and snacks intake in reality, dietary guidelines and eating behavior, nutrient intake levels, the amount of snacks intake and features and the amount of school food intake while taking in snacks. In order to achieve the purposes above, this study used questionnaire form to survey total 238 middle school students(boys and girls living in Gwangju metropolitan city) from April 20 to May 20, 2013. All data collected from the survey were analyzed through analysis of frequency, correlation analysis and analysis of variance using a statistical program(SPSS). In the subjects, there were 129 boys(54.0%) and 109 girls(48.0%) among 238 middle school students. ‘Average age’ was 15.90, and ‘average height’ was 165.7±7.1cm. Boys were 170.3±5.7cm and girls were 160.4±4.3cm on average. ‘Average weight’ was 54.7±10.1kg. Boys were 58.6±10.7kg and girls were 50.0±6.9kg on average. Compared to standard value of youth physical growth from Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on Ministry of Health and Welfare in October 2007, 'average height’ and ‘average weight’ of both male and female were similar to the standard value. Total ratio of skipping breakfast among subjects showed up 18.9%, boys 15.5%, girls 22.9%, which meant the ratio of girls toped that of boys. Total ratio of skipping lunch showed up 0.4%, boys 0.8%, girls 0.0%, which were quite a low level caused by enforcing school food service. Total ratio of skipping dinner showed up 1.7%, boys 2.3%, girls 0.9%, which meant the ratio of boys was a little higher than that of girls(P<0.01). It was found that ‘being pressed for school time’ was the main reason for skipping meals. Speaking of the snack intake in reality, ‘less than once a day’ was the most common response among subjects. In terms of partners to eat with, boys chose ‘eat alone’ and girls chose ‘friends’ most commonly. In terms of time to eat, both genders considered ‘flavor’ the most and they both ate snacks ‘because of hunger’. In terms of place to eat, there were school snack bar, supermarket/mart, convenience store and both boys and girls mainly ate ‘ice cream cones/ice cream bars’ and ‘snacks/biscuits’. Speaking of the nutrient intake levels of the subjects, nutrient over intakes occurred based on standard value; ‘protein’ 121.53%, ‘vitaminA’ 104.84%, ‘vitaminB6’ 111.49% (P<0.05), ‘sodium’ 204.60%, ‘vitaminE’ 124.77%. In terms of nutrient uptake rate of the subjects, it consisted of carbohydrate(59.28±13.43%) : protein(14.17±3.47%) : lipid(23.30±8.03%). Protein intake rate was a little high but the intake rate of carbohydrate and lipid were adequate, compared to dietary reference intakes for koreans(KDRIS) presented by The Korean Nutrition Society, Korean Nutrition Standards Board(2010) - standards corresponding to 3 to 18 years old; 55-70% : 7-20% : 15-30% Correlation between the fact whether taking in commonly eaten snacks or not and school food intake showed that in case of eating ice cream cones and bars, 81.3% of subjects ate boiled rice with 15 grains ‘as much as their share’ but in case of not eating ice cream cones and bars, 83.3% of subjects ate ‘as much as their share’. In case of eating ice cream cones and bars, 82.0% of subjects ate boiled germinated brown rice ‘as much as their share’ but in case of not eating ice cream cones and bars, 87.0% of subjects ate ‘as much as their share’. In case of eating ice cream cones and bars, 82.0% of subjects ate kimchi tofu pork cutlet ‘as much as their share’ but in case of not eating ice cream cones and bars, 87.0% of subjects ate ‘as much as their share’. Also, in case of eating snacks and biscuits, 76.1% of subjects ate boiled rice with 15 grains ‘as much as their share’ but in case of not eating snacks and biscuits, 88.6% of subjects ate ‘as much as their share’. In case of eating snacks and biscuits, 78.9% of subjects ate boiled germinated brown rice ‘as much as their share’ but in case of not eating snacks and biscuits, 89.5% of subjects ate ‘as much as their share’. In case of eating snacks and biscuits, 81.6% of subjects ate kimchi tofu pork cutlet ‘as much as their share’ but in case of not eating snacks and biscuits, 86.8% of subjects ate ‘as much as their share’. All the study results above showed that middle school students as subjects ate snacks because of hunger and both men and women considered ‘flavor’ the most to choose their snacks. Furthermore, it was found that when students were not eating snacks, school food intake was more than vice versa.