육상지도자의 리더십유형에 따른 선수스트레스와 집단응집력의 관계

Abstract

본 연구는 육상지도자의 리더십 유형과 선수스트레스 및 집단응집력의 관계를 규명하고 효율적인 지도를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 2011년 전국 대학교에 재학 중인 육상선수를 대상으로 집락무선표집법(cluster random sampling)으로 총 212명의 표본을 추출하여 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 인구통계학적 특성변인에 따른 육상지도자의 리더십유형의 차이는 학력, 지도자경력에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났고,선수스트레스의 차이는 성별, 학년, 지도자경력에 따라, 그리고 집단응집력의 차이는 학년, 지도자 경력 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 육상지도자의 리더십유형이 선수스트레스에 미치는 영향은 실패의 두려움, 악업문제걱정, 실업팀 문제, 시합부담에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 육상지도자의 리더십유형이 집단응집력에 미치는 영향에 따른 사회응집력, 과제응집력에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 육상지도자의 선수스트레스가 집단응집력에 미치는 영향에 따른 사회응집력, 과제응집력에서 유의한 차이가 잇는 것으로 나타났다.|The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between leadership types and player's stress and group cohesion in athletics coaches, use the findings as basic materials for efficient coaching, and provide scientific and empirical materials. To achieve this purpose, the subjects were identified from the population of athletics players attending colleges in Korea and a total of 260 samples were selected by cluster random sampling. Of them, unreliable responses due to dual or no entry were excluded and material clarification was made including a search for entry error. Finally, a total of 212 responses(male 170, female 42) were analyzed. The study instrument for data collection was a questionnaire survey. Questionnaires which were already tested in reliability and validity by previous researches at home and abroad were modified and complemented for the purpose of the objectives of study. The questionnaire consisted of 47 items: demographic characteristics(3 items), sport leadership scales(training and direction, democratic behavior, autocratic behavior, social support, and positive compensation)(20 items), and stress(fear of failure, burden on games, concern about schoolwork, employment of business sport teams)(12 items), and group cohesion(3 items). Through these methods and procedures, the relationship between leadership types and player's stress and group cohesion in athletics coaches was analyzed and the following results were obtained. First, for a difference in leadership types in athletics coaches according to demographic characteristics, there was statistically significantly different in education and coach's career. For a difference in player's stress in athletics coaches according to demographic characteristics, there was statistically significantly different in gender, school year, and coach's career. For a difference in group cohesion in athletics coaches according to demographic characteristics, there was statistically significantly different in school year and coach's career. Second, the effects of leadership types on player's stress in athletics coaches showed a significant difference in fear of failure, concern about schoolwork, business sport teams problem, and burden on games. Third, the effects of leadership types on group cohesion in athletics coaches showed a significant difference in social cohesion and task cohesion. Finally, the effects of player's stress on group cohesion in athletics coaches showed a significant difference in social cohesion and task cohesion.