청소년의 가정 환경적 특성에 따른 금전 관리에 관한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of family environments on adolescents' money management attitudes, and to use it as basic data towards their reasonable money management attitude. The samples were selected from 507 middle school students in Yangsan, South Keongsang Province. Statistics used for data analysis was Cronbach' α coefficient, t-test and one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, Chi-square analysis and Duncan test. The results were summarized as follows: First, the tendency of adolescents' money management looks as these. ① The adolescents' behavior of making and spending their pocket money Many juveniles make and spend their pocket money on the limit of ten to twenty thousand won. They usually get it from their mother on a consensus with her whenever they need. According to the statistics the money is spent most for snacks. It also says that most of the respondents spend their money on the standard of reasonable price after visiting many places to buy. They actually follow their personal opinion not any others in spending money. ② The adolescents' money management behavior The youth doesn't make plans for spending money but they spend reasonable price of money considering their indiscriminate consuming behavior. Even they do not reflect on their consuming behavior. This means they do not care for money management. Second, the adolescents money management behavior relating to family environments looks as follows. ① The adolescents' behavior of making and spending their pocket money influenced by family environments The more the youth grows older and the youth thinks they occupy high prestige in economy, the more they get lots of pocket money. Following groups occupy higher percentage of getting pocket money from their parents: Female teenagers rather than male teenagers, groups which regard themselves as middle class rather than high or low class and groups whose father has better education. The frequency of making pocket money was different: Most of the respondents whose fathers are professional workers get money every month. Others whose fathers are younger than 39 get money most often within a month. To decide the total amount of money following teenagers usually talk with their parents to reach a convergence: Female teenagers, elder children in siblings, only child, children who live in their own house, children who has much communication with their fathers, children in an affectionate family and a self-controlling family. As for the satisfaction with the sum of money, the young people think their current money is fairly enough when their mother has no career, their mother is under 50, they have much time in communicating with their parents, and they have affectionate family members and self-controlling family environments. In the part of spending money, students in almost every grades usually spend their money on snacks. Boys tend to spend money on comics, movies and games, but girls have a tendency on buying stationery. Even more, as the statistics says, groups that have much communication with their fathers save their money better than spend it on comics, movies and games. The traits of standards for buying products was divided by the grade and the sex: The seventh graders and the eighth graders have a high priority on the price, but the ninth graders on the design and the color. Boys think practicality as an importance, but girls the design and the color. Finally high percentages of boys and girls look around and buy products, and they estimate their opinions most important for buying things. ② The adolescents' pocket money management behavior influenced by family environments These groups of teenagers make more plans when spending money: Groups whose mother is under 50, groups which exchange more communication with their parents, groups whose family environments are achievement-oriented. For the behavior of spending money, these adolescents spend money reasonably: Students who live in their own house, teenagers which exchange communication much more time with their fathers, young people in an achievement-oriented family and a self-controlling family. Boys reflect on their consuming behavior more often than girls. Over all, teenagers who have more talks with their parents, have achievement-oriented family environments, are in affectionate groups and self-controlling groups are better at money management on their money. Third, relative influences of variables about money management are as follows. The more family environments are achievement-oriented, the more they make money spending plans. The more they have much time to talk with their mothers, the more reasonably they spend their money. In reflecting on money use young people more retrospect their behavior when they exchange communication with their mothers often. In general money management the youth is good at money management when their family environments are achievement-oriented and they don't live in their own house.