유아의 놀이성과 부모의 양육태도와의 관계

Abstract

This research was designed to study the relationship between playfulness and parents' rearing attitude. Research questions for this study were as follows. First, are there any differences in young children's playfulness according to gender and age? Second, are there any differences in parents' rearing attitude according to young children's gender and age? Third, what is the relationship between parents' rearing attitude and young children's playfulness? This research surveyed 152, aged from three to five-years-old children attending two kindergartens located in Gwangju and Yeosu, and their parents. For young children's playfulness, the tool produced by Barnett(1982) and adapted by Yoo Ae-yul(1994) was used. Parents' rearing attitude was measured by the questionnaire of Lee Won-young(1983) which was a modified version of Schaefer(1959)'s Maternal Behavior Research Instrument (MBRI). Teachers evaluated young children's playfulness, and young children's mother and father answered the separate questionnaire which asks their parenting style. Collected Data were analyzed by using SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science) program. In order to investigate how playfulness and parents' rearing attitude vary according to young children's gender and age, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used. Scheffe test was performed as a post test. Person's Correlation and multiple regression were used to understand the relationship between young children's playfulness and parents' rearing attitude. The results of this research were as follows. First, physical voluntariness and a sense of humor showed significant statistical differences between boys and girls. Boys showed higher scores than girls in physical voluntariness and a sense of humor. As for the difference of young children's playfulness in terms of age, whole playfulness showed significant differences according to young children's age. Second, fathers' rearing attitude showed no significant differences according to young children's gender and age. While mothers' rearing attitude showed no significant differences according to young children's gender, mothers' affectionate attitude showed a significant difference according to young children's age. The mother who had younger child showed more affectionate attitude. Third, the more fathers' rearing attitude represented refusal, the more children showed physical movement when young children played. In addition, the more fathers' attitude toward upbring represented control, the less young children showed cognitive voluntariness. On the other hand, mothers' control attitude showed negative significant relationship with young children's cognitive volunatriness. The more mothers' rearing attitude represented control, the less young children showed cognitive voluntariness. That is, it can be understood that the more parents' style represented control, the less young children showed creative play behavior.