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Molecular Modeling Study of Human Chemokine CCR5 Receptor

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Author(s)
Gadhe Changdev Gorakshnath
Issued Date
2013
Keyword
CCR5, Homology modeling, Docking, QSAR, MD simulation
Abstract
인간 케모카인 CCR5 수용체는 후천성면역결핍 바이러스 1형이 숙주세포에 들어가는 것은 돕는 통합된 막단백질이다. HIV-1은 후천성 면역결핍증을 유발하여 전세계적으로 수백만명의 사람들이 감염되었다. CCR5는 막단백질이면서, G 단백질에 결합된 수용체군의 하나이다. CCR5의 x선구조가 밝혀지지 않았기 때문에, 이 단백질의 깊은 이해가 어렵다. 따라서 이 단백질의 억제제가 어떻게 결합하는지와, 나아가서는 어떠한 기작을 가지고 있는지를 연구하는 것이 중요하다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여, 본 연구에서는 최근에 보고된 비슷한 CXCR4의 구조에 근거하여, 인간 CCR5에 대한 호몰로지 모델을 만들었다. 이것은 다양한 CCR5 억제제의 결합모드를 결정하는데 사용되었다. piperidine-4-carboxamide 유도체들은 수용체기반의 3D-QSAR 연구에 사용되었고, oxamino-piperidino-piperidine amide (OPPA) 유도체들은 분자동력학적인 연구를 하였다. 3D-QSAR 모델로는 수용체기반의 배열을 활용하여 비교분자장 분석(CoMFA)과 비교분자 유사성인덱스 분석(CoMSIA)과 같은 방법을 사용하였다. CoMFA (q2=0.722, NOC=4, Q2=0.619 and r2=0.884)와 CoMSIA (q2=0.712, NOC=4, Q2=0.522 and r2=0.825) 의 결과로 얻은 통계량은 만족할 만 하였다. 이 모형의 안정성은 검증집합 분자들로서 다시 검증하였다. (r2pred CoMFA, 0.680; CoMSIA, 0.705) CoMFA와 CoMSIA의 컨투어 맵은 CCR5속에 그렸고, CCR5와의 구조활성관계를 얻을 수 있었다. 3개의 OPPA 유도체들의 분자동력학적 시뮬레이션은 리간드와 CCR5의 컴플렉스모형은 리피드 2층으로 넣음으로서 행할 수 있었다. 20 나노초동안의 분자동력학적인 시뮬레이션이 각각의 컴플렉스에 대하여 행하였졌다. 이 결과로 억제제들에 있는 터셔리 아민과 Glu283의 카복실기가 중요하다는 것을 알았다. TM1-TM3의 잔기들과 TM5-TM7의 잔기들이 이들의 상호작용에 중요하다는 것을 알았다. 본 연구의 결과는 기존의 연구결과와 같은 결론을 었었다. 3D-QSAR과 MD 시뮬레이션을 합하면, 새로운 억제제를 설계하고 개발하는데 효율적일 수 있다.|Human Chemokine CCR5 receptor is an integral membrane protein which aid entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into host cell. HIV-1 causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which has infected millions of people worldwide. CCR5 is a membrane protein and a member of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. Unavailability of CCR5 X-ray crystal structure hampers in-depth research of it. So, it is a challenging task to design inhibitors for this integral membrane protein as well as to find out exact binding mode of action for any known inhibitor. To address this problem, we developed a homology model for the human CCR5, based on the recently reported CXCR4 (PDB code: 3ODU) X-ray crystal structure. This was subsequently used to map the binding mode of several CCR5 inhibitors. The piperidine-4-carboxamide derivatives were used for receptor based 3D-QSAR studies, whereas oxamino-piperidino-piperidine amide (OPPA) derivatives were used for MD simulations. 3D-QSAR methods such as, comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were performed using receptor based alignments for all the inhibitors. The CoMFA model was obtained with the good statistics (q2=0.722, NOC=4, Q2=0.619 and r2=0.884), while in CoMSIA, SHDA model (q2=0.712, NOC=4, Q2=0.522 and r2=0.825) gave satisfactory results. The robustness of the developed CoMFA and CoMSIA models was checked with the test set molecules, which were excluded during the model development (r2pred for CoMFA, 0.680 and CoMSIA, 0.705). The CoMFA and CoMSIA contour maps were plotted back onto CCR5 and structural variations with biological activity were explained in the presence of CCR5. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for the three OPPA derivatives were performed by embedding complexes (ligands-CCR5) into lipid bilayers. 20 nanosecond MD simulations were performed independently for each complex. MD simulation identifies salt bridge contact between tertiary nitrogen of inhibitors and carboxyl of Glu283 is important. Residues from TM1-TM3 and TM5-TM7 participated in the close interactions. Our MD simulation results are in agreement with previous experimental studies. Combined usage of 3D-QSAR and MD simulation could be efficient to guide the design and development of novel inhibitors.
Alternative Title
인간 케모카인 CCR5 수용체의 분자 모델링 연구
Alternative Author(s)
가데 창데브 고라크스나트
Affiliation
조선대학교 대학원
Department
일반대학원 바이오신약개발학과
Advisor
Seung Joo Cho
Awarded Date
2013-08
Table Of Contents
List of Tables iv
List of Figures v
Abstract xi
1. Introduction 1
2. Materials and Methods 6
2.1. Sequence Alignment 6
2.2. Homology Modeling 6
2.3. Molecular Docking 7
2.4. Data Set 8
2.5. CoMFA and CoMSIA 9
2.6. Partial Least Square 19
2.7. Predictive Correlation Coefficient 20
2.8. MD Simulation 21
3. Results 23
3.1. Analysis of Sequence Alignment 23
3.2. Homology Model Analysis 24
3.3. Docking Analysis 26
3.3.1. Binding modes of TAK779 26
3.3.2. Binding modes of TAK220 28
3.3.3. Binding modes of compound 85 29
3.3.4. Binding modes of 14-OPPA 30
3.3.5. Binding modes of 37-OPPA 31
3.3.6. Binding modes of 25-OPPA 33
3.4. 3D-QSAR Analysis 34
3.4.1. CoMFA model 34
3.4.2. CoMSIA model 35
3.4.3. Predictive r2pred 37
3.5. Contour Map Analysis 39
3.5.1. CoMFA contour map 39
3.5.2. CoMSIA contour map 42
3.6. MD Simulation Analysis 47
3.6.1. Backbone RMSD and potential energy analyses 48
3.6.2. Temperature and inhibitors RMSD analyses 50
3.6.3. RMSF and radius of gyration (Rg) analyses 51
3.6.4. Characterization of loop regions 53
3.7. Binding modes analyses after MD simulation 55
3.7.1. 14-OPPA-CCR5 interaction 55
3.7.2. 37-OPPA-CCR5 interaction 57
3.7.3. 25-OPPA-CCR5 interaction 58
4. Discussions 62
5. Conclusion 70
References 72
Appendix 86
Degree
Doctor
Publisher
조선대학교 대학원
Citation
Gadhe Changdev Gorakshnath. (2013). Molecular Modeling Study of Human Chemokine CCR5 Receptor.
Type
Dissertation
URI
https://oak.chosun.ac.kr/handle/2020.oak/9869
http://chosun.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000263918
Appears in Collections:
General Graduate School > 4. Theses(Ph.D)
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  • Embargo2013-08-22
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