2012년 태풍의 성향분석

Abstract

The water temperature rise, which is accelerating due to global warming, is making typhoons form more frequently and in larger scales. Accordingly, disasters caused by typhoons are also rapidly increasing. Therefore, studies are required to ensure accurate typhoon analysis and damage reduction. In this study, three typhoons that affected the Korean peninsula from August to September, 2012, (Tenbin, Bolaven, and Sanba) were examined. The characteristics of typhoons were examined via synoptic analysis and track examination, and the damage types and scales were analyzed to contribute to the typhoons forecast and damage reduction.

The three typhoons that consecutively hit the Korean peninsula in 2012 are summarized as follows.

Typhoon Tenbin(1214) formed over the east sea of the Philippines on September 19 at around 09:00KST and stayed near Taiwan, and affected by Typhoon 1215 that formed over the northwest sea of Guam on September 20 at around 15:00KST and moved north to the West Sea and by Fujiwhara effect, showed an ‘ type’ atypical path to move north following Bolaven. Then the typhoon direction turned east as the North Pacific high in the east of Korea shrank. The typhoon passed the west of Jeju Island at dawn on September 30, hit Wando, Jeollanam-do at around 10:45KST, continued to move northeast, and changed into extratropical low over the East Sea on September 31 at around 00:00KST.

Typhoon Bolaven(1215) moved north at a velocity of approximately 40 km/h from 120km west-northwest of Seoul with a 965 hPa central pressure and a 38 ㎧ central velocity on September 28 at around 15:00 KST, hit the Ongjin Peninsula, passed Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on September 29, moved northeast of China, and changed into an extratropical low in 36hours.

Typhoon Sanba(1216) arrived Namhae, Gyeongsangnam-do on September 17 at around 11:30KST, and changed into an extratropical low over the sea approximately 290km east-northeast of Cheonjin, Hamgyeongbuk-do.

With the decline of the Arctic air mass and the resulting withdrawal of the Siberian air mass in 2012, the North Pacific air mass abnormally developed and the typhoon track formed over the West Sea unlike the past ones. Bolaven first moved along this track, and before the North Pacific air mass declined, the next typhoons also moved along this track. In addition, typhoons consecutively formed in a short period as the water temperature of the North-West pacific air mass was kept warm. This was because of the temperature rise in air and water due to the climate change, decline of the Arctic air mass, and the abnormal development of the North Pacific air mass. The consecutive formation of three typhoons that impacted the Korean peninsula in a year had not happened in 50years since 1962. However, the three typhoons caused greater disaster than that of 50years ago, and the damages by typhoons are increasing year by year (The accurate disaster statistics is determined by NEMA). Therefore, instead of just forecasting the typhoons, the recognition about the typhoon formations should be changed, and the nationwide countermeasure against typhoon damage should be established.