응급실 간호사의 업무스트레스와 소진에 영향을 미치는 인자

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Factor Associated with Job Stress and Burnout of Emergency Room Nurses

Yu, Yeun Hee Advisor: Prof. park, Sang Hag M.D., Ph.D. Department of Alternative Medicine, Graduate School of Health Science Chosun University

This study was conducted to provide effective methods of eliminating stress in emergency room nurses. For this purpose, job stress and exhaustion of subjects and other related factors were examined. Practical methods were explored in order to maintain personal well-being, healthy working environments, and enhance a job efficiency. The target populations were 124 nurses serving in emergency rooms at 2 university hospitals and 7 hospitals with more than 300 beds. They were selected randomly by the researchers and the data for this study were gathered for 26 days from September 1 to 26, 2011. For data collection, the purpose of the study was explained to the officers in charge of the department and their possible cooperation was asked. A total of 130 questionnaires were distributed and 125 were returned. One hundred twenty four were used for the final analysis, excluding one incompletely-answered questionnaire. The Scales used for this study were the stress scale experienced by nurses during work developed originally by Gu, Miok and Kim, Maeja(1985) then modified and complemented by Park, Chunhwa et al.(1999) as well as the exhaustion scale developed by Pines & Aronson(1981) and translated by Pick(1983). SPSS(12.0) was used for computer-based statistical data analysis

The results of this study are summarized below.

1. The mean job stress score of the subjects was 2.65(4-point scale), indicating an increase. The highest factor among 15 sub-categories of job stress was personal conflicts with doctors(2.87), followed by“heavy workloads”(2.75),“unsatisfactory relations with superiors”(2.72),“job conflicts with doctors”(2.70),“problems in personal relations”(2.69),“night shifts”(2.69), “insufficient compensation” (2.68), “inappropriate treatment”(2.65),“responsibilities outside work”(2.65),“role conflicts” (2.60),“lack of professional knowledge and skills”(2.59),“unfamiliar situations”(2.57), and“psychological burdens due to the limitations of the medical system”(2.55). On the other hand, the lowest stress factor was“inappropriate relations with subordinates”(2.30), followed by“inappropriate environment of the ward”(2.41). 2. The total mean exhaustion score of the subjects was 2.91(5-point scale), indicating a moderate level. The strongest factor contributing to exhaustion was“tiredness”(3.47). 3. As regards the relationship between job stress and exhaustion according to general characteristics, a statistically significant score was found in religion(F=3.365, p=.014). However, no statistical significance was found in“age”,“ education”, “marital status”,“career”,“emergency room work career”,“position”, and “income”. As regards exhaustion, there were statistically significant results in age(F=10.014, p<.000), religion(F=6.689, p<.000), marital status(F=18.832, p<.000), career(F=4.840, p=.001), emergency career(F=4.105, p=.019). and income(F=3.102, p=.018). “Education” was not statistically significant. 4. As regards the correlation between job stress and exhaustion, the higher the job stress, the higher the exhaustion, indicating a statistically significant positive correlation(r=.481, p<.000). 5. Factors influencing exhaustion in emergency room nurses included job transfer(5.7%), nurses’ dissatisfaction(27.3%), expected serving period of nursing (4.5%), dissatisfaction in performing nursing professional(11.9%), and stress (23.1%), indicating the total effect of 72.5% on exhaustion. Based on the findings, nurses’ satisfaction and exhaustion had a negative correlation, while stress and exhaustion had a positive correlation.