연조직 계측점에서 턱끝구멍과 눈확아래구멍의 위치

Abstract

The infraorbital foramen (IOF) and mental foramen (MF) are important anatomic structures for the oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures. The infraorbital and mental nerves that emerge from these foramina are blocked at the foramen to induce local anesthesia during dental, plastic, and maxillofacial surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to know the exact location of the foramina in clinical situations requiring local nerve block to avoid nerve injury. The aim of this study was to determine the relative locations of the IOF and MF based on soft-tissue landmarks. Fourteen embalmed cadavers (28 sides) were dissected to expose the IOF and MF. The distances between the bilateral IOFs and between the bilateral MFs were determined. The distances between the alae of the nose (alares) and between the corners of the mouth (cheilions) were also measured. These measurements were taken directly on the cadavers using digital Vernier caliper providing a precision to 0.01 ㎜. The vertical and horizontal distances of the IOF and MF relative to the alare and cheilion were measured indirectly on the digital photographs using Adobe Photoshop. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 12.0. The distance between the bilateral IOF (58.09 ± 4.04 ㎜) was longer than that between the bilateral MF (50.32 ± 1.93 ㎜). The distances between the bilateral the alare and cheilion were 41.22 ± 3.44 ㎜ and 58.43 ± 6.62 ㎜, respectively. The IOF was located 12.92 ± 3.75 ㎜ superior and 7.88 ± 2.56 ㎜ lateral to the alare. The distance between the alare and the IOF was 15.42 ± 3.54 ㎜, and the vertical angle (Angle 1) between these structures was 31.67 ± 13.36 degrees superolaterally. The MF was located 21.83 ± 3.26 ㎜ inferior and 5.56 ± 3.37 ㎜ medial to the cheilion. The distance between the cheilion and MF was 22.74 ± 2.96 ㎜, and the vertical angle (Angle 2) between these structures was 14.05 ± 10.12 degrees inferomedially. In conclusion, these results provide more detailed information about the locations of the IOF and MF when used together with hard-tissue landmarks. In addition to these results may be particularly useful for dental surgery in edentulous patients.