환경위해성을 고려한 단지조성계획 수립에 관한 연구

Abstract

Abstract

Establishment of a Complex Development Plan Based on Environmental Risk

Myung Nho Il Advisor: Prof. Shin Dae-Yewn Ph. D.Department of Environment and Biological EngineeringGraduate School of Chosun University

This study analyzed the various applications of Health Impact Assessment(HIA) with respect to domestic introduction thereof, and examined the health impact from major projects subject to HIA. HIA systems in Korea are classified into HIA systems run by the Ministry of Environment and diverse policy and development projects run as model projects by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Prior Environmental Review Systems(PERS) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) run by the Ministry of Environment, are representative preventive measures for environmental protection, and are aimed at providing a healthy and pleasant quality of life for the public through environmental criteria defined at the national level with respect to environmental impact arising from administrative planning or development projects. Physical factors like air quality, water quality, noise, and vibration were added to the hygiene and public health items in EIA from 2010. Health Impact Assessments run by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, while not mandated by law, deal with health issues in their social, economic, cultural aspects, rather than environmental factors. Among nations that actively operate HIA systems, the UK has HIA systems pursuant to various statutes that include several stages, including screening, scoping, appraisal, decision-making, monitoring, and evaluation. Canada has been running EIA since 1973, and some provinces conduct HIAs during the decision-making process. In the U.S. many HIA proceedings are conducted with EIA, because HIA are included in EIA. WHO supports HIA in a number of countries in consideration of type, level, and distribution of health impact. First, we forecast the qualitative level of health impact arising from plans by focusing on the Second Industrial Location Supply Plan, the highest plan related to the formation of industrial complexes using EIA techniques. Quantitative analysis was difficult to undertake due to the characteristics of the plan. For petroleum refineries, which emit VOCs, quantitative evaluation found that levels of benzene exceeded base standards for hazard risk. These results can be used in effective management of physical factors that can influence health as well as corrective reduction measures. For Urban Management Planning which is the highest level plan for urban development, this study sought out means to apply health impact to designated plans in use regions and areas etc; and as a result of forecasting impact factors, forecast the occurrence of air pollution and noise due to an increased number of vehicles and railways. Results of application of HIA to housing development projects and incinerator construction projects in new towns indicated that cancer risk for most carcinogens exceeded standards at the highest locations at each collection point. This result indicates that construction of high buildings in areas adjoining incinerators is undesirable, and that measures to lower carcinogens are needed. In this study we compared HIA systems among several countries, and after determining the main projects that could impact human health, applied HIA to major projects. Results of HIA for areas adjoining major projects were arranged, and the degree of viability of HIA in Korea was able to be confirmed. The results of this study can be provided to decision makers and affected groups for complexes utilizing HIA to maximize positive effects and minimize negative effects, and can be helpful in promoting the health of residents.