자아존중감을 매개로 부모애착과 또래관계스트레스가 여중생의 공격성에 미치는 영향

Abstract

This study aims to persue the degree and the patterns of the aggression in middle school girls, the relations among parental attachment, peer relationship stress, self-esteem and aggression and to see the routes among the variables which have an effect on their aggression. To achieve these aims, theoretical model was set which parental attachment, peer relationship stress and the variables of self-esteem explained the aggressions of the middle school girls on the basis of the related former studies, and then analysis of it was conducted. The subjects in this study were six hundred middle school girls in the four schools selected through the convenience sampling among the eighty-four middle schools in Gwangju City. The basic questionaries on parental attachment, the scale of peer relationship stress, self-esteem and the aggression were distributed to them and the data which had been subjected to the 528 students(147 in the first grade, 381 in the second grade) confirmed the valid were analysed. I have revised and used 「Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment-Revised edition」 used by Jeong Oak(1998) to measure the degree of parental attachment, 「Global Assessment of Recent Stress」 used by Seon-hee Lee(1991) to measure peer relationship stress, 「The Index of Self-Esteem」 used by Ki-hyun Song(2005) to measure self-esteem, and 「The Examination of Aggression」 reorganized by Jae-geun Kim(1993) to measure aggression. The data was analysed through t-test(two-independent sample), Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient, Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) and the result of this study is like followings. First, as the result of conducting the t-test through the SPSS program in order to understand the degree and patterns of the girls' aggression, the average of the aggression by 528 girls was 2.52 and the physical aggression(M=2.88) in the patterns of girls' aggressions was higher than the verbal aggression(M=2.23). Secondly, as the result of Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient in order to see what relations there were between girls' parental attachment, peer relationships stress, self-esteem and aggression, the coefficient of corelation in every variable showed all the significant result in the correlations among the variables which have an effect on the girls' aggression. Parental attachment, peer relationship stress showed the negative corelation, parental attachment and self-esteem showed the static corelation, and parental attachment and aggression showed the negative corelation. And also, peer relationship stress and self-esteem showed an significant negative corelation, peer relationship stress and aggression showed an significant static corelation, and self-esteem and aggression showed an significant negative corelation. Thirdly, as the result of conducting the analysis of Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) using LISREL program to grasp the causation which parental attachment and peer relationship stress influenced on the aggression in the middle school girls through the medium of self-esteem, the direct effects which parental attachment has influence on the aggression as a method that middle school girls' aggression showed the significant negative effects and direct effects which peer relationship stress has influence on the aggression showed the significant static effects. On the other hand, parental attachment and peer relationship stress showed that indirect effects through the medium of self-esteem are insignificant and self-esteem didn't show the role of the mediator between parental attachment, peer relationship stress and middle school girls' aggression. That is to say, the degree between the parents and their middle school girls was not shown to have an effect on the improvement of self-esteem, and the deeper the affection between the parents and their middle school girls was, the less effect the middle school girls have on the aggressive behavior. Also, the higher peer relationship stress was, the lower self-esteem was, but the lower self-esteem was, the less middle school girls' aggression was influenced. However, the higher peer relationship stress was, it influenced on the direct aggression. In short, the deeper the affection between the parents and their middle school girls was, the less aggressive behavior the girls showed, and the affection for their parents had insignificant effect on self-esteem. Also, the higher the stress in the peer groups was, the lower self-esteem was and the higher the aggression was but self-esteem had an insignificant effect on the aggression. Therefore, the degree of the aggression did not show the difference in proportion to the degree of the self-esteem but showed the large difference in proportion to the degree of the stress in the peer groups.