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Prolyl-이성질화효소 Pin1의 LC-3 발현 유도 및 타목시펜 저항성에 관한 연구

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Author(s)
남궁광모
Issued Date
2010
Keyword
Pin1|LC-3|autophagy|tamoxifen resistance|breast cancer
Abstract
에스트로겐 수용체 신호전달과정을 억제하는 내분비 치료요법은 ER알파 양성 유방암에 대한 가장 일반적이고 효율적인 치료법이다. 그러나 이러한 약물들의 사용은 빈번한 저항성의 형성으로 제한되고 내분비치료 저항성에 대한 정확한 기전 역시 완벽히 규명되지 않았다. 이 논문에서 우리는 peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1이 타목시펜 저항성에 대한 중요한 결정요인이라는 것을 입증하였고 Pin1이 MEK1/2의 인산화와 상호작용을 통해 E2F-4와 Egr-1에 의한 LC-3의 발현을 증가시킨다는것을 밝혀내었다. 사람 타목시펜-저항성 유방암에서, 우리는 Pin1의 과다발현과 LC-3의 양적 증가가 강한 상관관계를 보임을 관찰할 수 있었다. control MCF7세포보다 타목시펜-저항성 MCF7 세포에서 Pin1의 발현수준 뿐만 아니라 promoter 활성까지 뛰어나게 증가하였고, autophagy marker인 LC-3 mRNA와 단백질 역시 같은 패턴을 보였다. Pin1-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF)는 Pin1+/+ MEF보다 TPA에 의한 MEK1/2 인산화 수준이 낮았고, MCF7 세포에서 Pin1 발현의 silencing은 TPA에 의한 MEK1/2 인산화를 억제시켰다. 더군다나, MEK1/2의 특이적 억제제인 PD98059와 Pin1의 억제제인 Juglone은 TPA에 의해 유도되는 LC-3 유전자 발현을 조절할 수 있는 Egr-1 뿐만 아닌 E2F4 전사조절인자를 억제시킨다. 중요한것은, Pin1 이나 LC-3의 silencing시킨 후 병용한 4-OH 타목시펜은 MCF7 세포의 콜로니 성장을 억제시키기 위해 cleaved PARP와 DNA fragmentation을 증가시킨다. 따라서 우리는 Pin1/MEK 경로와 LC-3를 매개로한 타목시펜-저항성을 연관짓고 타목시펜-저항성 유방암의 치료에서 Pin1의 가능성을 보여주었다.|Endocrine therapies, which inhibit estrogen receptor (ER) signaling, are the most common and effective treatments for ERα positive breast cancer. However, the utility of these agents is limited by the frequent development of resistance and the precise mechanisms underlying endocrine therapy resistance remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 is an important determinant of resistance to tamoxifen and show that Pin1 increases E2F-4- and Egr-1-driven expression of LC-3 as a result of an increased interaction with and phosphorylation of MEK1/2. In human tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer, our results show a significant correlation between Pin1 overexpression and high levels of LC-3. Promoter activity as well as expression levels of Pin1 were drastically higher in tamoxifen resistant MCF7 cells than control MCF7 cells, as were levels of LC-3 mRNA and protein, an autophagy marker. Pin1-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) showed lower TPA-induced MEK1/2 phosphorylation than Pin1+/+ MEF. Silencing of Pin1 expression inhibited TPAinduced MEK1/2 phosphorylation in MCF7 cells. Moreover, PD98059, a specific inhibitor of MEK1/2, and Juglone, a potent Pin1 inhibitor, significantly suppressed the TPA-induced expression of E2F4 as well as Egr-1 transcription factors, which control LC-3 gene expression. Importantly, 4-OH tamoxifen, when used in combination with silencing of Pin1 or LC-3, increased cleaved PARP and DNA fragmentation to inhibit cologenic growth of MCF7 cells. We therefore link the Pin1/MEK pathway and LC-3-mediated tamoxifen resistance, and show the therapeutic potential of Pin1 in the treatment of tamoxifenresistance breast cancer.
Alternative Title
The Prolyl-isomerase Pin1 induces LC-3 expression and mediates tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer
Alternative Author(s)
Namgoong Gwang mo
Affiliation
조선대학교
Department
일반대학원 약학과
Advisor
최홍석
Awarded Date
2011-02
Table Of Contents
Contents
Contents ----------------------------------------------ii
List of Figures -----------------------------------------iv
List of Abbreviations -----------------------------------vi


국문초록-----------------------------------------------1
Abstract -----------------------------------------------3
I. Introduction ----------------------------------------- 5
II. Materials & Methods -------------------------------- 8
1. Reagents and Antibodies ---------------------------- 8
2. Tumor samples ------------------------------------- 8
3. Immunohistochemical staining ----------------------- 9
4. Cell culture ----------------------------------------- 9
5. Construction of mammalian expression and small interfering RNA----------------------------------------10
6. Infection of GFP and Pin1 into JB6 Cl41 cells --------- 10
7. Cell proliferation by MTT assay -------------------- 11
8. Protein extract and immunoblotting ------------------ 11
9. Reporter gene assays ------------------------------ 11
10. RNA isolation and semi-quantitative RT-PCR ------- 12
11. In vitro binding assay and GST protein expression -- 12
12. Detection of apoptosis ----------------------------- 13
13. Apoptosis assessed by flow cytometry ------------- 13
14. Anchorage-independent cell transformation assay (soft agar assay) ----------------------------------------- 14
15. Statistical Analysis -------------------------------- 14

Ⅲ. Results ------------------------------------------- 15
1. Pin1 and LC-3 levels correlate in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer ---------------------------------------- 15
2. Pin1 enhances MEK1/2 phosphorylation induced by TPA ------------------------------------------------ 20
3. Pin1 regulates TPA-induced ErbB2 expression ------- 24
4. Pin1 is essential for TPA-induced LC-3 expression via E2F-4 and Egr-1 ------------------------------------- 27
5. Pin1 silencing enhances tamoxifen-induced apoptotic signaling in MCF7 and TAMR-MCF7 cells ------------- 31
6. The inhibition of Pin1 or MEK1 suppresses TPA-induced neoplastic cell transformation------------------ 36
7. Pin1 silencing increases tamoxifen-induced inhibition of cologenic growth ---------------------------------- 38

IV. Discussion --------------------------------------- 42
V. References---------------------------------------- 48
Degree
Master
Publisher
조선대학교 대학원
Citation
남궁광모. (2010). Prolyl-이성질화효소 Pin1의 LC-3 발현 유도 및 타목시펜 저항성에 관한 연구.
Type
Dissertation
URI
https://oak.chosun.ac.kr/handle/2020.oak/8863
http://chosun.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000241028
Appears in Collections:
General Graduate School > 3. Theses(Master)
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