한국인 전치부위의 피질골과 해면골의 두께

Abstract

The cortical bone thickness on anterior region is important to achieve implant stability. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the thickness of cortical and cancellous bones on anterior region for implant placement. Twenty-five cadaver heads were used (16 male and 9 female), with age at death ranging from 40 to 90 years (mean: 56.7 years). After the long axis of alveolar process was set up, it were measured in the 5 levels at intervals of 3 ㎜ from the 2 ㎜ under the cementoenamel junction (L1). All data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results were as follows; 1. The thickness of cortical and cancellous bones on maxilla 1) The cortical bone thickness of cross-section of long axis of the tooth was the thinnest in L2 and L3 of canine both labial and lingual side, the thickness in L2 and L3 of central incisor. The cancellous bone thickness was the thinnest in all levels of lateral incisor, the thickness in L1-L3 of canine and L4, L5 of central incisor. 2) The cortical bone thickness of cross-section of interdental area was the thinnest in distal of central incisor both labial and lingual side, the thickest in distal of canine. The cancellous bone thickness was the thinnest in L1, L4, L5 of distal of lateral incisor and L2, L3 of distal of central incisor, the thickest in distal of canine. 2. The thickness of cortical and cancellous bones on mandible 1) The cortical bone thickness of cross-section of long axis of the tooth was the thinnest in central incisor both labial and lingual side, the thickness in lateral incisor on labial side and in canine on lingual side. The cancellous bone thickness was the thinnest in central incisor, the thickness in canine. 2) The cortical bone thickness of cross-section of interdental area of the tooth was the thinnest in distal of central incisor both labial and lingual side, the thickest in distal of canine. The cancellous bone thickness was the thinnest in distal of central incisor, the thickest in distal of canine. 3. The average labial and lingual cortical bone thickness 1) The average labial cortical bone thickness on maxilla was L1 (0.12±0.22 ㎜), L2 (0.40±0.33 ㎜), L3 (0.47±0.28 ㎜), L4 (0.54±0.26 ㎜), and L5 (0.63±0.27 ㎜). The average lingual cortical bone thickness was L1 (0.02±0.09 ㎜), L2 (0.30±0.37 ㎜), L3 (0.55±0.33 ㎜), L4 (0.62±0.31 ㎜), and L5 (0.66±0.32 ㎜). 2) The average labial cortical bone thickness on mandible was L1 (0.13±0.29 ㎜), L2 (0.48±0.32 ㎜), L3 (0.56±0.29 ㎜), L4 (0.69±0.31 ㎜), and L5 (0.88±0.31 ㎜). The average lingual cortical bone thickness was L1 (0.05±0.21 ㎜), L2 (0.49±0.43 ㎜), L3 (0.89±0.47 ㎜), L4 (1.04±0.41 ㎜), and L5 (1.21±0.42 ㎜). 4. The thickness of cortical and cancellous bones in each level The cancellous bone thickness on maxilla was increased from L1 to L5, on mandible L2 was the thickest and L4 was the thinnest. The cortical bone thickness was increased from L1 to L5 both on maxilla and mandible. In conclusion, the cortical bone thickness was showed that the mandible was thicker than the maxilla and the lingual side was thicker compared to the labial side. With cancellous bone thickness, the middle level of root on mandible was the thinnest. These cortical and cancellous bones thickness on anterior region provide the anatomic indicator for preoperative treatment plan on implant placement.