위턱굴 점막(Schneiderian membrane)의 조직형태학적 특성

Abstract

For dental implant placement on maxilla, both the shape of maxillary sinus and characteristic of sinus membrane are important. Particularly, the sinus graft surgery needs the accurate understanding of maxillary sinus membrane (Schneiderian membrane). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the thickness and histologic characteristics of maxillary sinus membrane. Six cadaver heads (12 maxillary sinuses) were examined (4 male and 2 female, average age; 55.8 years). The specimens were decalcified with EDTA, embedded with the paraffin and microsectioned to 5 ㎛ thickness. The sections were stained haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and observed by the light microscope (Carl Zeiss, GER). The thickness of sinus membrane measured by the Axiovision LE release 4.6 (Carl Zeiss, GER). The mean thickness of maxillary sinus membrane was 369±82.03㎛, and the mean thickness of nasal cavity mucous membrane was 881±67.12 ㎛. The maxillary sinus membrane was a continuation of the nasal cavity mucosa, its epithelium consisted of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and the goblet cells were located among the columnar epithelium. The lamina propria of maxillary sinus membrane was thinner than the nasal cavity mucosa, also it was relatively few glands and vascular distribution. The bony of maxillary sinus wall adjacent the sinus membrane was mostly continuous, but was scarcely perforated by neurovascular channels. For the sinus graft surgery, it is demanded anatomic knowledge of the membrane thickness as well as glands distribution and vascular distribution of maxillary sinus.