앞니장축과 이틀돌기의 각도 및 이틀뼈의 두께

Abstract

Implant placement on the anterior region, it is important to recover the function and the esthetic. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess the angulation between long axis of the anterior teeth and the alveolar process and thickness of the alveolar bone on the anterior region. Twenty-five cadaver heads (14 maxillae and 23 mandibles) were examined (16 male and 9 female, mean: 56.7 years). Angulation between the long axis of the anterior teeth and the alveolar process was measured and the alveolar bone thickness was measured in the three levels (crest, middle, apex) on the labial and the lingual side. All data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results were as follows; 1. The Angulation between the long axis of the anterior teeth and the alveolar process on maxilla was 19.04±5.20° at central incisor, 19.50±7.65° at lateral incisor, 19.01±5.80° at canine, which was produced similar inclination. On the mandible, it was 5.19±4.18°, 7.35±5.60°, and 8.78±5.95° in order, which increased from central incisor to canine. The maxillary anterior teeth were taken two to three times more lingual inclination than the mandibular teeth. 2. The labial alveolar bone thickness of lateral incisor was 2.33 ㎜ at crest (C), 2.73 ㎜ at middle (M), and 1.89 ㎜ at apex (A), whereas lingual side was 2.56 ㎜ (C), 3.48 ㎜ (M), and 4.88 ㎜ (A), with the thinnest levels on the maxilla. The labial alveolar bone thickness of canine was 3.03 ㎜ (C), 3.22 ㎜ (M), and 1.83 ㎜ (A), whereas the lingual side was 3.06 ㎜ (C), 4.93 ㎜ (M), and 8.06 ㎜ (A), with the thickest levels on the maxilla. 3. The labial alveolar bone thickness of central incisor was 2.36 ㎜ (C), 2.53 ㎜ (M), and 2.12 ㎜ (A), whereas the lingual side was 2.30 ㎜ (C), 2.41 ㎜ (M), and 2.73 ㎜ (A), with the thinnest levels on the mandible. The labial alveolar bone thickness of canine was 3.21 ㎜ (C), 3.20 ㎜ (M), and 2.73 ㎜ (A), whereas the lingual side was 3.38 ㎜ (C), 4.00 ㎜ (M), and 4.86 ㎜ (A), with the thickest levels on mandible. 4. Compared the alveolar bone thickness on the labial and the lingual side in maxilla, the labial alveolar bone thickness was 2.44±0.36 ㎜ (C), 2.83±0.56 ㎜ (M), and 1.95±0.62 ㎜ (A). Whereas the lingual alveolar bone thickness was 2.75±0.63 ㎜ (C), 3.94±1.14 ㎜ (M), and 5.69±1.71 ㎜ (A). The alveolar bone thickness on the labial and the lingual side was taken statistical significance in all levels, it was particularly showed the most in the apex. 5. Compared the alveolar bone thickness on the labial and lingual side in mandible, the labial alveolar bone thickness was 2.48±0.46 ㎜ (C), 2.67±0.57 ㎜ (M), and 2.21±0.85 ㎜ (A). Whereas the lingual alveolar bone thickness was 2.36±0.51 ㎜ (C), 2.61±0.47 ㎜ (M), and 3.02±0.99 ㎜ (A). The alveolar bone thickness on the labial and lingual side was taken statistical significance only in the apex. In conclusion, the alveolar bone thickness on anterior region was too thin and the long axis of maxillary anterior teeth was particularly showed more lingual inclination than the alveolar process. Therefore, on implant placement is demanded the detailed assessment of the labial alveolar bone.