馬建忠의 均勢論과 中國 近代外交

Abstract

ABSTRACT Ma jian-zhong's Balance of Power Theory and China's Modern Diplomacy

By ZHANG YUAN-YUAN Advisor: Prof. Choi Jin Kyu Ph.D Department of History Graduate School of Chosun University

Laty-Qing Dynasty is regarded as a huge change which never happened in china 3000 years. When the colonists came to the east ,the west conflicted with China continuously. How to deal with the western country had been a urgent assignment to Qing Dynasty. The diplomacy was considered as a way which could save the nation in that time. Ma jian-zhong is a famous person in Chinese modern history. he actively assimilated, introduced and imparted the recent Western diplomatic notion, the main content being international law history, the notion of national sovereignty, theory of even spheres of power and the training and systematization of the specialized diplomatic talents. He applied them into the diplomatic practices, promoting the development of the traditional Chinese diplomacy, in the aspects of thought and action, towards the Chinese diplomacy in the modern sense. Balance of power idea is a kind of very important diplomacy theory for the mordern western countries to deal with the international relations. Balance of power idea has made great influence to Chinese world outlook since it has spread to China during the period of foreign affairs, which is exactly in the 60s of 19 century. China changed the world center ideology that was popular in the past, and gradually considers itself as one of the independent country of the modern international society. So China begins to handle foreign affairs with equality ideology. Ma jian-zhong's Balance diplomacy is not very efficient because of the decline of national power, the complicated situation of internal and external affairs and the balance tactics are not always applied correctly. However, objectively, the balance diplomacy fits in with the needs of the society. It is the best choice for a weak nation to maintain its national benefits. Besides, the balance diplomacy also takes great effects on the whole modern China positively.