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Sirt1 Inhibitory Diterpenoids from Vietnamese Medicinal Plant Croton tonkinensis Gagnep.

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Author(s)
다오 트롱 투완
Issued Date
2009
Abstract
Silent information regulator two ortholog 1 (SIRT1)는 histones 또는 단백질에 있는 lysine 잔류기에서 아세틸기를 제거하는 작용을 갖는 sirtuin deacetylase 계열의 효소로 SIRT1을 저해하는 화합물은 암과 신경퇴행성 질환의 치료제로서 사용가능성이 최근 제시 되었다. 지금까지 SIRT1의 저해물질로 몇몇 저분자 물질이 보고되었으나, SIRT1에 선택적이며 새로운 골격을 갖는 저해 화합물의 발굴은 SIRT1의 기능을 이해하고 치료학적인 적응점을 찾는 과정에서 필요하다.
따라서 본 연구는 SIRT1 효소를 이용하여 탐색한 베트남 식물인 Croton tonkinensis Gagnep 잎의 MeOH 추출물로부터 각종 크로마토그래피 방법을 사용하여 7개의 신규 diterpenoid계 화합물과 (1 – 7)와 14개의 diterpenoid계 기지 화합물 (8 - 21)을 분리 하였다. 분리된 화합물들의 구조는 각종 스펙트럼 방법 (1D, 2D-NMR, UV, IR, MS)과 보고된 문헌을 참고하여 동정하였다.
분리된 화합물 중 신규 화합물 1 와 2는 새로운 grayanane-type diterpenoid계 화합물로서 crotokinensin A (1) and crotokinensin B (2)로 명명하였다. 신규 화합물 3 – 7은 새로운 ent-kaurane-type diterpenoid계 화합물로서 crotokinensin C (3), crotokinensin D (4), crotokinensin E (5), crotokinensin F (6) 과 crotokinensin G (7)로 각각 명명하였다. 특히 crotokinensin A (1)와 crotokinensin B (2)는 ent-kaurane 과 grayanane-type 골격을 갖고 있는 화합물로서 이러한 화합물은 Croton tonkinensis Gagnep로부터 처음으로 분리한 신규 화합물로 대극과에 속한 Croton속 에서는 최초로 얻어진 것이다.
분리한 화합물 1 - 21의 in vitro SIRT1 효소에 대한 저해활성을 측정한 결과, 화합물 14 – 21은 SIRT1 효소에 대하여 16.08 ± 0.11부터 44.34 ± 2.34 µM 농도범위에서 강한 저해작용을 나타내었다. 비록 ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids의 구조와 활성 관계가 철저히 연구된 것은 아니지만, 결과적으로 C-16 와 C-17 사이에서의 이중 결합과 ketone group이 C-15에 붙어 있는 것은 in vitro SIRT1 저해 활성에서 매우 중요함을 확인하였다. 또한, 수산기가 C-7에 존재하고 acetoxy group이 C-18에 존재하면 저해활성이 증가 됨을 알 수 있었으며, 반대로 acetoxy 또는 수산기가 C-11에 존재하거나, 수산기가 C-18에 존재할 때는 활성이 현저히 감소함을 확인하였다.
본 연구에서는 대극과에 속한 Croton 속으로부터 처음으로 분리한 7종의 신규화합물을 (crotokinensin A – G) 포함한 21종의 diterpenoids 계열의 화합물을 분리, 정제하여 구조를 확인하였으며, 화합물 14 – 21이 강한 SIRT1 저해효과를 갖음을 이 논문에서 처음으로 확인하였다.|Silent information regulator two ortholog 1 (SIRT1) is a member of the sirtuin deacetylase family of enzymes that removes acetyl groups from lysine residue in histones and other proteins. It has been postulated that inhibitors of SIRT1 might be beneficial in the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. To date, though some small molecular inhibitors of SIRT1 have been identified, new inhibitors are still needed to improve the understanding of SIRT1 biological functions and to discover its possible therapeutic indication.
During this screening effort we found that MeOH – soluble extract of the leaves of Croton tonkinensis Gagnep. inhibited SIRT1 enzyme by an in vitro assay, seven new diterpenoids (1 – 7) along with and fourteen known diterpenoids (8-21) from the leaves of C. tonkinensis were isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation using silica gel (63 – 200 µm particle size), C-18 silica gel (40 – 63 µm particle size) column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC [ODS-H80 column (150 × 20 mm, 4 µm particle size)]. Their structures were elucidated on the basic of spectral (including 1D, 2D-NMR, UV, IR, and MS) and physicochemical analyses. The inhibitory effect of test compounds on SIRT1 enzyme was evaluated.
Compounds 1 and 2 were new grayanane-type diterpenoids, named crotokinensin A (1) and crotokinensin B (2). Compounds 3 – 7 were new ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids, named crotokinensin C (3), crotokinensin D (4), crotokinensin E (5), crotokinensin F (6) and crotokinensin G (7). Crotokinensin A (1) and crotokinensin B (2) were two novel grayanane-type diterpenoids from C. tonkinensis. This is the first report on the presence of grayanane-type diterpenoids from a species of the Croton genus as well as the Euphorbiaceae family.
When compounds 1 – 21 were tested on in vitro SIRT1 inhibitory assay, all the isolates, with the exception of 1 – 13, inhibited strongly SIRT1 activity with IC50 values ranging from 16.08 ± 0.11 to 44.34 ± 2.34 µM. Although structure-activity relationships of ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids were not thoroughly investigated, our results suggest that the double bond between C-16 and C-17, and ketone group attached at C-15 might be very important for the in vitro SIRT1 inhibitory activity. And the presence of a hydroxyl group at C-7 and/or an acetoxy group at C-18 may increase the activity, while the substitution of an acetoxy or a hydroxyl group at C-11, or a hydroxyl group at C-18 may decrease this activity. In addition, SIRT1 inhibitory effects by members of this class have not been previously reported.
Alternative Title
베트남 약용식물 Croton tonkinensis Gagnep. 로부터 SIRT1 억제물인 디터페노이드
Alternative Author(s)
Dao Trong Tuan
Affiliation
조선대학교 약과 대학원
Department
일반대학원 약학과
Advisor
Oh Won Keun
Awarded Date
2009-08
Table Of Contents
Contents
Contents…………………………………………………………………………………....……v
List of Schemes……………………………………………………………………………..…vii
List of Tables…………………..…………………………………………………………..…vii
List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………..…vii
List of Abbreviations………..…………...………………………………………………….…xi
Abtract ………………………………………………………………………………………….1
Korean……………...……………………………………………………………………………1
English…………………………………………………………………………………………...3
1. Introduction……………………………..………………………..…………..………….5
1.1. SIRT1 enzyme……………..………………………………….………………………....5
1.2. Mechanisms of SIRT1 inhibitors in cancer therapy…..……….………………………....5
1.3. SIRT1 inhibitors...…………………………………………….………………………....7
1.4. Croton tonkinensis Gagnep…………………………………….……………………....10
2. Materials and Methods …………………………………………….….……..………13
2.1. Materials……………………………………………………….……………………....13
2.1.1. Plant…………….………………………………………………………………..……13
2.1.2. Chemicals, reagents and chromatography………………………………………….…13
2.1.3. General experimental procedures………………………………….……………….…14
2.2. Methods…...……………………………………………………………………………14
2.2.1. Isolation of compounds from C. tonkinensis Gagnep ………………………..………14
2.2.2. In vitro SIRT1 assay…………………………………………..………………………20
3. Results and discussions…..……………………………………….…………………....22
3.1. Structure determination of new compounds isolated from C. tonkinensis.………….….22
3.1.1. Structure determination of compound 1…………………..…………………..………22
3.1.2. Structure determination of compound 2…………………..………………………..…29
3.1.3. Structure determination of compound 3…………………..………………..…………35
3.1.4. Structure determination of compound 4…………………..……………………..……41
3.1.5. Structure determination of compound 5…………………..……………………..……47
3.1.6. Structure determination of compound 6…………………..………………………..…53
3.1.7. Structure determination of compound 7…………………..……………………..……59
3.2. Results of SIRT1 inhibitory activity............................................................…………….66
3.2.1. Effects of the compounds on cell toxicity …………………..………………..………66
3.2.2. Effects of the compounds on SIRT1 enzymatic activity …………………………..…66
3.2.3. Effects of the compounds on SIRT1 activity …………………..…………...……..…68
3.2.4. Decreased expression of SIRT1 protein in MCF-7/TAMR cells ……...………..……71
3.3. Discussions …………………………………………………………………………….71
4. Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………...73
5. References……………………………….…………...…………………………………76
6. Acknowledgments…………………………………………………………………….85
Degree
Master
Publisher
조선대학교 대학원
Citation
다오 트롱 투완. (2009). Sirt1 Inhibitory Diterpenoids from Vietnamese Medicinal Plant Croton tonkinensis Gagnep.
Type
Dissertation
URI
https://oak.chosun.ac.kr/handle/2020.oak/8225
http://chosun.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000238294
Appears in Collections:
General Graduate School > 3. Theses(Master)
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