세정방법이 이온도입의 편안감 및 효율에 미치는 영향

Abstract

Background : Electric current density should be considered an integral part of the attempt to improve subject response to iontophoresis. Recent data have implicated the current density as an important factor affecting comfort during electrical stimulation. The comfort characteristic of an electricity is important to the successful achievement of the iontophoresis. Therefore, this study focused to effects of cleansing agents on the sensory perception characteristics and efficacy of iontophoresis. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of cleansing agents on sensory threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance levels during iontophoresis. In addition, it was to determined that cleansing method involves the efficacy of iontophoresis, which transdermal delivered lidocaine results in induction of local anesthesia on the skin. Methods : Forty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to four groups by drawing 1 of 40 envelopes labeled 'A' (Oil cleansing group: cleansed the skin before iontophoresis using cleansing oil; 10 subjects), 'B' (Lotion cleansing group: cleansed the skin before iontophoresis using cleansing lotion; 10 subjects), 'C' (Solution cleansing group: cleansed the skin before iontophoresis using cleansing solution; 10 subjects), 'D' (Alcohol cleansing group: cleansed the skin before iontophoresis using cleansing alcohol; 10 subjects). All subjects received an lidocaine iontophoresis on the forearm using direct current with 4 mA for 10 minutes. All subjects were evaluated with respect to sensory threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance level during iontophoresis. Also, evaluated the duration of local anesthesia after lidocaine iontophoresis. For comparisons of the sensory characteristics and efficacy of iontophoresis within the groups, an one-way ANOVA was used. Results : Statistically significant difference were indicated in respect to all sensory characteristics such as sensory threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance within oil, lotion, solution and alcohol cleansing group (p<0.001). The sensory threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance in solution and alcohol cleansing group were significantly lower than oil and lotion cleansing group by post hoc using Duncan multiple range test (p<0.05). In addition, the duration of local anesthesia were found significant difference within the groups. The anesthetic duration in solution and alcohol cleansing groups were significantly longer than oil and lotion cleansing group by post hoc using Duncan multiple range test (p<0.05). Conclusion : This study demonstrated that cleansing agents have affected sensory threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance levels during iontophoresis, and duration of local anesthesia after iontophoresis. These studies have shown that cleansing agents without oil ingredient contributed to more comfortable, and more successful achievement of the iontophoresis. This study will be give helpful information to beauty therapists in their new approach to care of clients with melasma.