광주지역 일부 중장년의 영양섭취상태 및 당뇨병 진단 여부에 따른 식생활 요인 비교

Abstract

ABSTRACT

A Comparative study on the nutritional status and the dietary intake factors of middle aged adults according to diabetes mellitus in Gwangiu metropolitan city

Kyung-sun Kim Advisor : Prof. Bok Hee Kim, Ph. D. Department of Food and Nutrition Graduate School of Chosun University

1 out of 5 adults aged more than 60 years old have been diagnosed as the diabetes mellitus patients in our nation, the prevalence rate has been reported to increase due to the increase ofaged populations, childhood obesity, westernized dietary habits, and the expansion of early diagnosis projects. Among the chronic disease, diabetes mellitus is the disease recording the highest prevalence rate, which has been assessed to necessitate much personal and national burdens for its appropriate management. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify the dietary habit factors for the prevention and effective management of diabetes mellitus. The current study subjected total 1,699 adults (Control1,431; Diabetes mellitus 258) aged more than 50 years old who reside at the east district of Kwangju metropolitan city to compare their nutritional intake status and dietary habit factors by the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. As the investigated items, general environmental factor, health behavior factor, body measurement and body composition analysis, blood pressure and blood test, nutritional risk and level of nutritional knowledge, and the intake amount of nutrients were included. When the characteristics of dietary habit factors have been compared according to the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus by a physician,the diabetes mellitus patient group showed higher drinking rate than the control group and their self health recognition showed unfavorable pattern (p<0.05). In the result of comparing major chronic disease prevalence rate, the diabetes mellitus group showed significantly high prevalence rate of cardiac diseases, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and liver diseases (p<0.001), cancer (p<0.01), and cerebrovascular diseases and osteoporosis (p<0.05). The body composition analysis results showed significantly higher visceral obesity ratio and obesity index (p<0.05) in the diabetes mellitus group, and the mean values of AST, ALT, Triglyceride, and the Blood urea nitrogen were significantly high compared to those of control group (p<0.01). Although the nutritional risk score of diabetes mellitus group recorded 2.57 and 1.98 for the control group by showing higher score in the diabetes mellitus group (p<0.05), the nutritional knowledge score was higher in the control group by scoring7.73 and 7.57 in diabetes mellitus group (p<0.05). The overall intake amount of nutrients of the diabetes mellitus group was lower than the control group, and the intake amount of thiamin, riboflavin, dietary fiber (p<0.05), and vitamin C (p<0.001) was evaluated to be significantly low. Based upon the above results, several health factors and dietary habit characteristics of the diabetes mellitus group was assessed as undesirable compared to the control group, the management and improvement of dietary habits were found out to be necessary for the prevention and appropriate management of diabetes mellitus let alone the health factors. The current study result is expected to be used as the basic data for the health improvement of regional residents and for the appropriate management of major chronic diseases.