하인리히 뵐플린의 미술사에 있어서 ‘양식’의 개념

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore what is the style of art and the position and meaning of style in Art History of Heinrich Wolfflin (1864-1945). Furthermore this study tried to investigate critical view and prospect for 'the style of Art History' based on his book (1915). Heinrich Wolfflin refered to background for the book『Die Kultur der Renaissance in Italien』(1860) written by Jacob Burckhardt (1818-1897). Jacob Burckhardt wrote about art history of Renaissance and that affected the style of Art of his student Heinrich Wolfflin. H. Wolfflin formed his individual theory 'the style of Art' and in Art History through Konrad Fiedler (1841-1895) and Adolf Von Hidebrand (1847-1921). H. Wolfflin said that the style of Art had the 'double root'. One is the expression of individuals, race, and period. Individual temperament, Zeitgeist, or racial character determine the style of individuals, period and race. Another is the way of expression 'the optical form'. Doble root of Style analyzed 'pure optical form' that was separated from 'expressional Content' and then formed 'the style of Art' as the development of Art history. For example difference of 'Style' in Renaissance and Baroque formed Art History as "Change of optical form". This theory he described the style of epoch in his book 『Renaissance and Broque』 (1888) 『The principle of Art history』 (1915) And he also explained the style of race in 『Italien und das deutsche Formgefu¨hl』 (1931). He limited the style of epoch to Renaissance and Baroque. And he also limited the style of race Italy and Deutschland. H. Wolfflin which is Called as 'History of Style'. It has got an epochal effect on the study of Art History. And 'Theory of form' by H. Wolfflin was consisted of Art History as background of "Art History without name" that is not chronological or Iconographical Art History.