지역사회 보육시설의 성과평가에 관한 연구

Abstract

Although it is important to have a systematic way to evaluate the accomplishments of childcare facilities, there have not been specific indexes or evaluation methods to apply on childcare facilities. Therefore, the reliability and validity of evaluation results have been very limited. The Government's evaluation certification system has been known as a great contribution to the betterment of childcare services. However, more systemized evaluation is required to evaluate the efficiency of childcare service providers and satisfaction of receivers. In this respect, we can say that systemized evaluation of accomplishments of childcare facilities is a very important strategy to provide quality childcare services. In order to evaluate the accomplishments of commissioned private childcare services, I analyzed national/public childcare centers and private childcare centers to evaluate the efficiency of service providers and the satisfaction of service receivers. Then, I analyzed childcare centers in urban areas and in rural areas to examine whether there are any differences in accomplishments of commissioned private childcare services based on localities. I used AHP and DEA analysis to evaluate the accomplishments of these childcare services. First, I analyzed the accomplishments of childcare services with emphasis on the efficiency of service provider. For this analysis, I compared national/public childcare centers and private childcare centers to evaluate the accomplishments of commissioned private childcare services. Second, I analyzed the substantial satisfaction of service receivers. In this analysis, I used the SERVQUAL index for the evaluation of quality of services and compared national/public childcare centers and private childcare centers to evaluate the accomplishments of commissioned private childcare services. I compared childcare centers in urban areas and in rural areas to examine whether there are some differences in accomplishments of commissioned private childcare services based on localities. For the purpose of this study, I established a research model based on my theoretical researches and examination of preceded studies. Then, I conducted a survey based on the research model. The subjects of survey were childcare facilities in five towns of Gwangju and 10 cities/towns in Jeonnam Province. I chose five each of national/public childcare facilities and private childcare facilities and surveyed parents, administrators, and childcare specialists. Then, I applied the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to examine the weight and priority of each variable. The variables derived by the AHP analysis were then processed through the DEA analysis to analyze the difference between efficiencies of national/public childcare facilities and private childcare facilities and examine the quality of services of each facility. The following are the results of this analysis. In result of the relative importance analysis through the AHP, I found the following: first, the analysis on the relative importance of national/public and private childcare facilities revealed that national/public childcare facilities consider employees, budget, and capacity, whereas private childcare facilities consider budget, employees, and capacity as the most important factors. Second, the analysis on the relative importance of management systems, children, profitability, child welfare, and program services revealed that national/public childcare facilities value child welfare, management systems, program services, profitability and children. Private childcare facilities also align these factors in the same order. Based on this analysis, it was found that both national/public and private childcare facilities value child welfare as the most important factor. Third, the relative importance of 19 subcategorized factors of national/public and private childcare facilities - childcare plans, documentation/filing, safety training, sanitation control, number of children per class, total number of children currently serviced, total number of children serviced per year, general service fee, legal service fee, cost of service/tool, up-to-date professional services, tools/materials, program fee, food, program types, special education, cooperation with family and cooperation with community - was analyzed and compared. National/public childcare facilities value up-to-date professional services, childcare programs, food, childcare plans and program types, and picked cooperation with community and total number of children serviced per year as the least valued factors. Private childcare facilities value up-to-date professional services, sanitation control, program types, food, legal service fee, and childcare plans, and picked cooperation with community and total number of children serviced per year as the least valued factors. Both national/public and private childcare facilities consider up-to-date professional services as the most important subcategorized factor. Second of all, for the analysis of efficiency, I selected analytical indexes as well as three variables - budget, capacity, and employees. Dependent variables were management systems, children, profitability, child welfare, and program services. First, when the efficiency of 15 local areas was examined using the CCR model, the efficiency was the highest in D Town, K City, N City, M City, and W Town. Local areas with relatively low efficiency are G Town, N Town, B Town, S Town, S City, and Y City. Second, the most efficient local areas in the BCC model were D Town, K City, N City, M City, and W Town. On the other hand, G Town, N Town, B Town, S Town, and Y City were found inefficient. As shown in these results, national/public childcare facilities in the cities of Jeonnam Province were most efficient. On the other hand, metropolitan cities or other cities outside Jeonnam Province had low efficiency. It is worth noting that most of these areas were cities. In case of private childcare facilities, both Gwangju and Jeonnam showed high efficiency and rural areas with low population rate had relatively low efficiency. Third of all, the following summarizes the evaluation of quality of childcare services based on the analysis of satisfaction. First, the type of childcare facilities did not affect the satisfaction of users in both national/public childcare facilities and private childcare facilities. Second, the reliability of childcare facilities did not influence national/public childcare facilities, but did influence private childcare facilities. Third, assuredness of childcare facilities affected both national/public childcare facilities and private childcare facilities. Fourth, empathy of childcare facilities did not influence customer satisfaction at both national/public childcare facilities and private childcare facilities. Fifth, appropriateness of childcare facilities did not influence national/public childcare facilities, but did influence private childcare facilities. Sixth, proximity to childcare facilities influenced satisfaction of users at both national/public childcare facilities and private childcare facilities.