장흥 신북 후기구석기유적 새기개 연구

Abstract

Our studies on the old stone age started from the excavation of Seokjangri site, Gongju and has continued for about 40 years. However, the studies on the tools from the old stone age did not have objective standards for term definition and classification of styles. In such perspective, this study targets the definition of burin from the late old stone age and its style classification through an analysis of making techniques. A total of 82 pieces of burin were excavated form the Sinbuk site. According to the number of edge, simple burines are 63, double burines are 17 and triple burins are two. The lithic raw material used to make burin at the Sinbuk site was siliceous tuff and the burines made of it are 77 (95.1%). Then, 3 burins were made of other materials (3.6%) and one burin was made of crystal (1.2%). For blank, flake, blade and others were used. 48 burins used long flakes (58.5%), 7 used side flake (8.5%), 23 used blade (28%) and 2 used rejuvenation flake (2.4%). The property of size indicates the size of the remaining body after making the burin edge rather than the size of the body before making burin. This study analyses three properties in size such as length, width and thickness. The length ranges from 10mm to 87mm. However, except the four with side flake and debris, most of their size ranges from 10mm to 70mm. The width of 10~30mm was the most widely used. As most of the blade are on the butt or distal edge, for spall removal surface or burin blow, the shorter the length is, the more effective. For spall removal surface or reprocessing of blade, the slight longer the length is, the more effective. Thickness ranges from 3mm to 32 mm. The thickness of 6~15mm is the most densely used. Weight ranges from 0.4b to 177g. The weight of 50 burin ranges from 2.1g to 10.0g (61%), which is the highest rate. Through the analysis of techniques to make burin at the Sinbuk site, this study classifies its types according to the number of burin facets, locations of blade, kinds, inclinations of spall removal surface and angles of burin blow. First, according to the number of burin facets, it classifies burin into one facet blow( TypeⅠ) and two facet blow (Type Ⅱ). The one facet blow burin is classified into small touch surface (Type 1 ) and others (Type 2) according to the kinds of the spall removal surface. Then, it is classified into axis burin (Type A) and angle burin (Tyep B), and the latter is classified into Type a, Type b, and Type c according to inclinations of the spall removal surface and angles of burin blow. The double burin facet blow is classified into axis burin (Type A) and angle burin (Type B), and the latter is classified into Tyep a and Type b according to inclinations of the spall removal surface and angles of burin blow. Ten kinds of single blade burin, 14 kinds of double blade burin and 2 kinds of triple blade burin were excavated from the Sinbuk Site. There are a great number of types of the burin from Sinbuk Site as many as its relics and the kinds are very diversified. Korean burin from the late old stone age was excavated from 17 sites. However, there are not so many pieces of burin excavated from each site and its types are not diversified. For spatial distribution, it is evenly distributed in the central and southern area of Korean peninsular. However, the lithic raw materials are acid lava, obsidian, and crystal and different raw materials were used according to surrounding environments. The burin is accompanied by tanged-point and micro-blade stone implements, which indicates that it is colsely related to the micro-blade stone implements.