장애노인의 삶의 질 영향요인 분석

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Analysis on Factors Influencing Quality of Life in the Elderly with Disability

Kim, Hyeong-Soo Advisor: Prof. Kim, Yong-Seob, Ph. D. Department of Public Administration Graduate School of Chosun University

This study is focused on the relationship between cause and effect on how self-efficacy and daily life ability as external variable and parameter variable of individual factor, environment factor and society integration factor among variables which affect the quality of life of the elderly with disability affect the quality of life. This study pays attention to the rise of political and practical interest on the quality of life of the elderly with disability in accordance with their population change rate and super aging which is being deepened recently. Individual factor, environment factor, society integration factor, emotional and psychological factor affect the quality of life in the aspect of strengthening the capacity of the elderly with disability to improve their quality of life and to analyze their satisfaction of life and the quality of life positively. This study took advantage of survey research method to solve the study subject. I collected data through the structured questionnaire as the object of 426 the elderly with disability who live in retirement residing in 2 cities and 2 counties in Jeollanam-do and executed correlations using SPSS for verification of hypothesis and structure equation model analysis using AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) 5.0. 9 latency variables that influence on the quality of life of the elderly with disability through the confirmation of wide documents and the preliminary investigation and the interview with them for this were confirmed, and 49 observation variables that explain disability, economy level, social support, social awareness, physical environment, society activity participation, self-efficacy, daily life ability, quality of life were established. I constructed a total of 20 hypotheses and 11 hypotheses were supported. Therefore the structure model which explain the quality of life of the elderly with disability inclusively could be confirmed. Summarizing the main results, firstly, it showed that recognized disability had meaningful effect on everyday life ability. When I studied the result of difference analysis by each characteristic, in the case of unmarried status in marriage state, in the case of couple family in the aspect of living together and in the case of high academic background in scholarship, it showed that recognized disability was low. The more discrimination experiences on the disability, and the smaller total income, it showed that the degree of recognized disability was high. In the recognized disability of disability type, cerebral palsy, hearing impairment and language impairment had meaningful difference. The more serious in cerebral palsy and language impairment it showed that the recognized disability was high while in the case of hearing impairment the opposite result appeared. Secondly, in the case of economy level the connection with the quality of life showed meaningful effect. That is, the higher the economy level was, the higher the quality of life was. When I studied the difference analysis by each characteristic, in the case of senior citizens having sight impairment the degree was more serious, and the economy level of more serious senior citizens was high. Thirdly, it appeared that social support had meaningful effect on self-efficacy and the quality of life, and in the case of the difference analysis by each characteristic it appeared that social support in the case of dispaupered the elderly with disability, the high academic elderly with disability, the elderly with disability having family living together, the elderly with disability without having discrimination experiences on the disability and the elderly with disability having high income was higher. Fourthly, it appeared that social recognition had meaningful effect on daily life ability, and it also appeared that discrimination experiences on the disability had close relationship with social recognition. In the factors affecting social recognition in accordance with the cause of disability, industrial disaster was the highest, which is considered to come from the recognition that it is industrial accident happening at industrialization process. Fifthly, it appeared that physical environment influenced on the quality of life and the daily life ability. As the result of difference analysis by each characteristic, in the case of unmarried status in marriage state, in the case without having disability discrimination experience or in the case having much income, physical environment was good. Sixthly, it appeared that society activity participation influence on self-efficacy and daily life ability. As the result of difference analysis by each characteristic, it appeared that society activity participation in the case of more young elderly with disability, the elderly with disability participating in religion activity, the high academic background elderly with disability, and the high income elderly with disability was high. In relation with disability period, the society activity participation of the elderly with disability for more than 30 years was high. Seventhly, self-efficacy is very important variable because it is the belief that they can do something, which is the base of taking part in local community activity and achieving social role, and daily life ability has meaningful relationship with society activity participation and quality of life. In the result of this study it appeared that self-efficacy and daily life ability had meaningful effect on the quality of life and it appeared that self-efficacy was high in the single elderly with disability, the more young elderly with disability, the high income elderly with disability and the high academic background elderly with disability. It appeared that daily life ability was high in the case of the dispaupered elderly with disability, the more young elderly with disability, the high income elderly with disability, the inborn elderly with disability, and the long durable elderly with disability. Eighthly, it appeared that the quality of life in the case of the religious activity participating elderly with disability, the high academic background elderly with disability, the traffic accident elderly with disability, and the high income elderly with disability was high. When we see the results, we can confirm that the elderly with disability were weaker in all situations than the normal elderly or other aged disabled persons and specially was in very difficult situation economically. Futhermore it appeared that the elderly with disability had the difference of receiving the same variable in accordance with the type of disability. Therefore there needs the differentiated policy according to the type of disability in the supply of service. In addition to it, there needs the strategy of service focused on society environment change in social welfare practice and the reinforcement of social support service for the elderly with disability. Specially, income guarantee, medical guarantee and social support service for the quality of life of the solitary elderly with disability and governmental support policy for looking after the elderly with disability may have to be prepared for. In addition, when the improvement of physical environment like neighboring living facilities laying stress on neighborhood area that the elderly with disability inhabits and the social recognition become changed, the degree that the elderly with disability participate in society activity can be high and these results may be revealed as the local community unification of the elderly with disability. In order to improve the quality of life of the elderly with disability through these results, the interdisciplinary systematic research on the development of integrated program through co-relation with social welfare field that can offer not only the support for the individual elderly with disability but also the support for the change of environment surrounding the elderly with disability and the emotional and psychological dimension should be prepared for.

Key Words: the elderly with disability, recognized disability, economy level, social support, physical environment, social recognition, society activity participation, self-efficacy, daily life ability, quality of life.