잭슨 폴록 회화에 관한 특성연구

Abstract

Jackson Pollock is the representative artist of abstract expressionism in the age that the center of art was transferred to America from Europe since the Second World War. He explored a new area called 'action painting' escaping from conventional painting method using brush. Art circle in 1940s had painting techniques of conventional art movements, but artists' revolution and trials continued. Pollock tried to pain with absolutely different methods from former artists. He laid canvas on the floor instead of erecting it on the wall and entered canvas with paint barrel and brush. He expressed his joy, sorrow, surprise and resentment according to his internal movement felt in the canvas. But, viewers of his paintings must have a great deal of trouble before his paintings because they lack certainty and seem to need long observation. Abstract painting of Jackson Pollock has no form like Kandinsky's because his forms were melted. But, why his works didn't be an object of discussion is in the side of his production methods. He succeeded in depicting invisible and abstract world into new formative language. Abstract expressionism which was also called New York School was started in New York in 1940s and achieved rapid development in 1950s. And this movement occupied an important position not to be explained without Jackson Pollock's 'action painting'. Pollock expressed psychological maze interwound like web through drip painting. But, the reason that Jackson Pollock was noted as the representative of contemporary art was not only in 'dripping technique'. He who liberated unsophisticated realism and weak modernism of the Paris school and led 'abstract expressionism' played the role of locomotive to move the center of painting to America from Paris and established frame to seek for a new way that many artists employed his painting techniques after his death. He dripped paints on canvas with gun and sprayed or scratched paints on canvas using air brush. Pollock who studied painting with Thomas Benton in New York accepted cubistic factors of Cezanne and Picasso and followed abstract and expressionistic paintings of Kandinsky. He painted masterpiece of series composition in 1940 and expressed the sense of depth by pouring paints on canvas. Feelings from his colors are liberal. His paintings are sometimes aggressive and suggest very romantic peace and pleasure. Jackson Pollock's painting world was ripen in the period of action painting since 1948. This paper is to study unconscious art world of Jackson Pollock. He made a new experiment with simple but surprising expression, neglected conventional concept to express something through painting and emphasized painting act itself. It concentrates on his activities between 1945 and 1950 when action painting was most active and describes his painting styles in these periods based on man's external situation and internal factors.