초등학생 비만 예측모형

Abstract

This study is a descriptive causation research to provide basic materials for developing conceptual framework and program which can give practical help in preventing and managing obesity of elementary school childrens by examining risk factors of obesity through more comprehensive approaches of obesity related factors reported in literatures and building predictive model of obesity. In hypothetical models, genetic factors, personal, family and school environment are processed as extrinsic variables, self-respect and self-control as parameters and degree of obesity as intrinsic variable. Data were collected from students in the 4th, 5th and 6th grade of two elementary schools in Gwangju city and four elementary schools in Jeollanamdo from June 15 to July 27, 2006 by means of questionnaire and physical examination data and then data from 1,866 students were used for analysis. Technical statistics and correlation analysis of data collected used SPSS/PC (version 12.0) and for hypothetical model test, route analysis was conducted with AMOS/PC (version 5.0). Results of this study are as follows. 1. Obesity level of elementary school students, 33.2% of subjects were underweight, 44.3% normal weight, 10.8% overweight and 11.7% obese. Of obesity group of 11.7%, 6.9% belonged to middle obesity and 0.9% high obesity. According to sex, 14.8% of male students and 8.6% of female students were obese. According to grade, 13.5% of the fourth graders, 12.5% of the fifth graders and 9.2% of the sixth graders were obese and according to regions, 13.7% of students living in urban area and 9.6% living in rural area were obese. 2. As a result of route analysis, gender among variables affecting the obesity of elementary school students had the most significant relationship in total effects via direct and indirect effects (β = .117, t = 5.24, p < .001), followed by region (β = -.113, t = -5.08, p < .001), siblings' obesity (β = .117, t = 5.24, p < .001), eating habits (β = -.096, t = -4.16, p < .001), mother's obesity (β = .089, t = 4.00, p < .001), father's obesity (β = .064, t = 2.88, p < .01), grade (β = -.065, t = -2.90, p < .01) and time to use internet (β = .047, t = 2.00, p < .05), and the whole explanatory power was 7.4%. As a result of the above research, consideration of model explaining and predicting obesity of elementary school childrens based on causal relationship among variables within the model could confirm following routes. That is, male students, urban region, lower graders, children with obese sibling, obese father, obese mother, irregular eating habits and more time to use internet have direct or indirect influences on obesity of elementary school childrens. Accordingly, since these variables are understood as exact explanatory variables increasing children's obesity, it is considered that development of multiple intervention programs at home, school and society is needed.