순천 월평 후기구석기유적의 밀개 연구

Abstract

Wolpyeong Upper Palaeolithic Site was excavated by Chosun University Museum in 1995, which was followed by three excavations in 1998, 2001 and 2005. As a result of the excavations, a minimum of five Palaeolithic layers as representative large-scale relics of upper Palaeolithic site were confirmed and a great number of end-scrapers were found from 4 layer which is the top layer. The subjects to be analysed were a total of 157 pieces as follows : 18 pieces from the 1st excavation, 60 from the 2nd excavation, and 79 collected from the surface. This study focused on examination of the shape of end-scraper and the analysis was categorized into blank and retouch. First, this study examined material, kinds, size and weight of the blank. Next, for the retouch, it examined location of front, direction of touch, length, thickness, projection, inclination(angle) and shape, centering on front part. What was analysed is su㎜arized as follows: For material, vein quartz , rhyolite and tuff and crystal were mainly used. Of them, vein quartz was the most preferred. However, the use rate of rhyolite and tuff was higher compared to that of other tools. For blank, flake, side flake, blade, and chunk were used. Especially, vein quartzpieces were frequently used because it has many layers. It is related to material. The size of blank was varied: from small to large. Medium size was the most. Of the end-scrapers made of flake and blade, large scrapers were not found, and side flake was used for medium sized scrapers. We could find all sizes of chunks: small, medium and large. When locations of fronts were examined, they was generally located at distal, but they were found at edges and proximal. For retouch of flake or blade, most of it was directed from ventral to dorsal. Sizes and thickness of the front was varied and it was projected a lot. About 70° of inclination was preferred unless re-processed and about 90° of inclination was preferred if reprocessed. Most of the end-scrapers did not have retouch except front, and there were three pieces for which end-scraper was combined with other tools on one blank. End-scrapers include Round-shaped (Grattoir ? convexe), Nosed-shaped (Grattoir ? museau), Boat-shaped (Grattoir car?n?), and Round scraper (Grattoir circulaire). The round-shaped scraper and nose-shaped scraper were the most preferred. In addition, there were only a few different-shaped scrapers: bamboo hat-shaped, ladder-shaped, straight-shaped and irregular-shaped. The round-shaped scraper and nose-shaped scraper have various sizes of blade. It is assumed that the minor scrapers were intentionally designed as they have the same size and shape. In consideration of it, there was a possibility that they might be used for other purposes according to shapes of blade.