산부인과 의원의 실내공간구성에 관한 연구

Abstract

While medical institutions in the 1970s and 1980s had experienced functional and technological growth, those in the 21st century are concentrating on high-quality medical services and the satisfaction of diverse demands from patients. These days, people do not wait until their diseases become serious enough to be hospitalized but visit the hospital for managing their health in advance. In particular, women's participation in social activities, the extension of the average life span and the low birth rate are expected to bring changes and development to medical demands. As a consequence, medical service for childbirth is not limited to delivery but is being expanded to integrated management treatment clinic including disease prevention, obesity, esthetics and cosmetic surgery. However, there are not enough materials for solving these functions. Thus the present study purposed to examine the functions and characteristics of obstetric and gynecologic clinics in order to derive medical system and design to cope with future changes, and to improve the space and indoor environment of obstetric and gynecologic clinics, which have been felt uncomfortable, through case study and analysis so that married and unmarried women can get counseling and medical service freely in privacy and medical staffs can serve patients pleasantly and conveniently. From the results of this study were drawn conclusions as follows. First, obstetric and gynecologic clinics were generally larger in size than other departments and, in the past, they were usually equipped with all of outpatient care room-ward-delivery waiting room-delivery room-nursery, but today they are largely divided into those focused on wards and those on outpatient care. As the types of delivery and the functions of the operating room are diversified, ward-oriented clinics are accommodating other medical services in addition to obstetric and gynecologic services for outpatients and this requires the protection of patients' privacy. Thus, this requirement needs to be considered in planning. Second, most of floor plans take the double corridor type, and there are many round designs because the patients are mainly women. Ward-oriented clinics have spaces for out patient care on the lower floor and the ward on the upper floor, and outpatient care-oriented clinics have spaces for examination, treatment and recovery on the same floor. Third, rooms that are found in all clinics are waiting space, physician office, examination room, operating room, recovery room and nurse room. The preparation room is also used as the nurse room, and the director office as the physician office. Ward-oriented clinics additionally have delivery room, delivery waiting room and nursery, and the size of the preparation room and the storage is large in proportion to the number of wards. Outpatient care-oriented clinics have one or more separate spaces for counseling, which occupy a large space, in addition to the common room. This suggests the importance of users' privacy. Because the type and composition of medical service are different according to the characteristic of obstetric and gynecologic clinics, the characteristic needs to be considered in planning. Fourth, the size of each room is not much different between outpatient care-oriented clinics and ward-oriented ones, but the size of waiting space shows a significant difference. As for the size proportion of spaces, the proportion of space for medical services is almost the same, and that of administrative space and waiting space shows a slight difference. This is probably because, while ward-oriented clinics have an open waiting room as well as a separate resting room occupying a large space, outpatient care-oriented clinics have multiple counseling rooms instead of an open waiting room. Fifth, recently obstetric and gynecologic clinics are trying various kinds or methods of delivery and conducting additional functions such as obesity clinic and esthetics. Thus, planning is required to satisfy and interconnect all these functions. Sixth, finishing materials, color and lighting are somewhat uniform, and lack of consideration is found particularly in the design of spaces for outpatient care. As people's income goes up more careful consideration is required, and design should be planned to induce psychological stable and comfortable environment like home rather than stimulating. As presented above, obstetric and gynecologic clinics are attempting to accommodate other functions in addition to their unique obstetric and gynecologic services, and their services are being specialized and differentiated using new medical instruments. Therefore, such changes should be understood in approaching the spatial design of obstetric and gynecologic clinics.