사이 톰블리 作品硏究 : 자크 라캉의 精神分析 理論을 中心으로

Abstract

Cy Twombly who is the best contemporary artist in United States won the prize of author (Golden Lion Winners) with Richard Sherman in the 42nd Venice Biennale in 2001. His works of art were considered as the most expensive in U.S. even before he received the prize and after he was awarded, his reputation as an international artist was firmly confirmed. He belonged to the junior abstract expressionism along with Jasper Johns, Robert Rauchenberg, Barnett Newman, and Mark Rothhko, but he said goodbye to abstract expressionism when he moved to Italy, leaving New York devoting itself to Avant-garde in 1957. In addition, in Europe he showed different abstractionism from the abstraction contemporary American artists showed. His artistic world was unique enough to be considered as a noun as viewed by Simon Schama and distinctly different from the world of abstract expressionists. In late 20th century, one thread passing through the Orient and West was an attempt to escape from abstract and dry elitism and inspire feeling to the view of history. Such attempt was dominated by structuralists when issues of desire, power, knowledge and subject were highlighted. Specifically, eroticism revived and common atmosphere was prepared to induce history and desire to text beyond theories that emphasized only forms and techniques. Such trend was spread to politics, society, economy and culture, not limited only to philosophy: Jacques Derrida was engaged in deconstructivism from structuralism through post- structuralism ; Roland Barthes was engaged in culture and semiotics beyond mass culture; Michael Foucault focused on three issues such as sex/politics/power; Jacques Lancan selected neo-Frued which coordinates psychoanalysis; and Julia Kristeva devoted herself to feminism. This phenomenon was established as a main trend that dominated philosophy and culture of late 20th century. Relatively recent years, active attempts to understand and analyse literary works including movies through Lancan‘s theory in national and international English literature were the best examples. Lancan's theory on the subject, the other, unconscious desire, discourse and three areas such as the imaginary, the symbolic and the real can be very exactly applied to psychoanalysis, structuralism, post- structuralism, deconstructivism, Marxism, feminism, possst-modernism, colonialism and even neo-criticism. Therefore, this study selected Twombly as the theme, expecting that we can understand multi- meanings of painting in our generation by understanding Twombly's artistic world manifestly in a context of Lancan's psychoanalysis theory. Specifically, this study proceeds in two perspectives: First, it speculates usefulness of psychoanalysis theory and Lancan's theory as a tool of understanding of painting. Second, it speculates unconscious traces and mythological meaning revealed in Twombly's works of art based on Lancan's theory. Finally, as Lancan's theory on desire converged Oriental thoughts and was expanded to ethics, it examines how unconscious traces in Twombly's works of art are represented in Twombly's unique abstraction and how they are associated with 'Gan' theory, which is an Oriental discourse, converged and sublimed.