보험범죄의 실태와 대책에 관한 연구

Abstract

The insurance institution is the economic system that people situated in the same kind of risk have to prepare preparatory money on co-operation to offering a share of money and injured people have to be received a payment from it. The insurance institution is one of essential economic system in the modern's people living in each kind of hazard. Recently, as the Korean economy develops and the korean society changes rapidly, the egoistic and mammonish thoughts spreads and the moral standard and even one's values get worse towards the trend to make light of one's life. And the society is confused with the insurance crime which is the abuse of insurance system. According to the Financial Supervisory Service(FSS), the number of 2005 disclosed frauds summed up to 23,607 cases, a 43% increase from 2004. The amount of damage caused by insurance fraud also increased nearly 40% to 180.2 billion won. Although many new tactics for insurance fraud have been discovered, traffic accidents still make up the overwhelming majority. The number of insurance fraud cases conducted by under-twenties is decreasing, but fraud acts by youths in their twenties is increasing. Methods are becoming more intelligent and structured. The serious moral hazard widespreads through all insurance fields which include car, disease, and injury as well as life and fire. Moral hazard may have two meanings. One means the weaknesses of human characters such as carelessness, indifference, negligence, the other means human conscious feelings such as human conscious dishonesty, fraud, vice, immorality, greed etc., that is increasing the occurring frequency and extent of accident by human immoral, vicious, greedy characters. For a long time, insurers have considered moral hazard as a type of risk they can not control, and showed considerably generous attitude to it. As long as moral hazard caused by insurance crime does not bring about a great obstacle or problem to insurance business, insurers may continue these easy and passive attitude. However, recently in many insurance markets, the problem of misusing the insurance have been considered as a great social issue. In generally speaking, the insurance fraud includes all the frauding actions against the insurance company and it has more large meaning than the insurance crime. However, the insurance of the interest which a criminal wants to posses, not in the realization of the frauding but in the benefit being paid by the insurance company.ㅍ There are complaints of the insurance criminals that they could be deprived of benefit from the insurance companies, so they justify themselves for their immoral action against insurers. This complaints often make them not to be conscious that the true victims are all the members of the insurance groups. Therefore, this study did analyze the consciousness tendency toward an insurance crime through a questionnaire survey targeting insurance- contractors and policemen for economic affairs. As a result, it was confirmed to require to solve many problems: the distrust relationship between an insurance consumer and an insurance undertaker, insufficiency of integrated database, insufficient publicity and education. And in did present a scheme for solving these problems by dividing into a preventive aspect and an institutional aspect, thus it did establish a direction in which a countermeasure against an insurance crime will be needed to proceed hereafter. Finally, the reasonable prevention method against the insurance crime get to be achieved with the insurance company's management, the company's co-endeavour and establishment of information exchange system, the active cooperative attitude of investigating authorities. In the future, there should be legislations of criminal penalty against insurance crime.