국내 은행산업의 구조조정에 따른 효율성 연구

Abstract

This study measures efficiency and productivity change on the restructuring of domestic banking industry empirically by using DEA and Malmquist technique. The outcome of this study was shown as follows. First, all the averages of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale and cost efficiency except allocative efficiency increased and technical efficiency change, scale efficiency change and total factor productivity change increased significantly except technological change. Second, technical and scale efficiency for nation-wide commercial banks increased, and technical, pure technical, cost and allocative efficiency for local banks were promoted. Third, as a result of hypothesis test, scale efficiency was improved in significance level and technical efficiency change, scale efficiency change, total factor productivity change were significantly improved. Fourth, as a result of hypothesis test by classifying into nation-wide commercial banks and local banks, for nation-wide commercial banks, scale efficiency, technical efficiency change were significantly improved While for local banks, cost efficiency, technical efficiency change, scale efficiency change were significantly improved. The analysis result presented above provides useful implication when setting the management plan and strategy for banks. First, there is a need to focus on improving the local banks that showed not much of improvement for efficiency compared to the nation-wide commercial banks. Second, as a result of merger dominated efficient banks, efficiency increased. However, the merger that does not consider economy of scope show little improvement of efficiency. Third, the analysis of input and output of non-efficient banks in aspects of technical and pure technical showed that their inefficiency resulted from only cutdown of human power for cut of labor cost. Fourth, allocative efficiency and technological change which are standards of economic efficiency that determine optimal input combination factors are not improved yet. Consequently, in order to enhance the competitiveness by securing the profitability and soundness in domestic banking industry, the restructuring has to be sustained that had the inefficiency for unable to place the efficiency value to the level of 1 and productivity change.