중국의 투자유치정책에 따른 한국기업의 대중국 투자활성화 방안에 관한 연구

Abstract

China which was placed to the center of international economy at the time of globalization has executed economic reform and opening policy since 1978 under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping from the impoverished and backward economic reconstruction due to the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. During the period, there was up and down in economy in executing its economic reform and opening, but at present China becomes the first economic country in the growing rate of economy by accomplishing economic growth of more than 7～8% a year. Since China put its high target to the economic construction, it has reformed economic structure domestically and has kept open-door policy externally. China's reorganization of economic structure is that all the economy systems are changed to the most suitable economic development, and the direction is the invitation of market economy. At that time, China's open-door policy was to enlarge export and investment invitation by strengthening technology exchange with all the countries in the world for its economic growth. Therefore, China's foreign direct investment was necessary because of lack of domestic capital and technology. Also, economic communication between Korea and China has been expanded by leaps and bounds since the normalization of diplomatic relations in 1992. Because Korea was adjacent geographically and had the similar culture, Korea has considered China as the largest investment area with infinite possibility and cultivation. Korean enterprises' investment to China has continued to 1996. Although the investment was a little decreased with the foreign exchange crisis of Korea in 1997, it has increased and reached to US$ 2,287,100,000 from 1998 afterward. Korean enterprises' investment to China has been expanded in quantity, but there were many problems because of changing circumstance and a lot of trial and error. Korean enterprises coped with keen competition with Chinese enterprises as well as multinational enterprises in China to lead the domestic market of China because China's industrial structure has been changed and its domestic market has been expanded. As many Korean enterprises lack of experience and information about Chinese market, they waste time and expense by trial and error, not understanding the China's special policies, legislations, systems, culture and politics etc., and so they sometimes got the bad investment circumstance. With this, China which has vast territory is in confusion of enactment and execution of legislations accompanied by economic reform and opening policy. And so there are many differences between the legislations and those of actual practice. Therefore, Korean enterprises should understand investment systems and the actual practice by doing prior research for China's investment circumstance, a special feature and market structure. In view of this, this thesis aims at presenting a way of successful entry into China and offering the good information for the Korean enterprises in China and expecting companies. Under the circumstance, the ways of investment strategy and promotion are presented as follows : First, Korean enterprises should set up systems to cope with the market environment, the level of technology and market prices in China. Second, Korean enterprises should expand R&D and use intellectual property. And further, they should strength the competitive power of intangible property and should center on the joint investment with those of China. With this, it is necessary for Korean enterprises to consider M&A for the invitation of foreign investment. Third, with the pace of sudden investment circumstance and uncertainty, Korean enterprises should make thoroughly prior preparation and adaptability research to China for their successful investment, and securing good labor forces. Above all this, it is necessary to make use of 'GuanXi' for the broad understanding of Chinese culture and formation of human relations. Forth, Korean enterprises should face with the economic change of China, diversify the investment area in China and make credit with the local employees. Fifth, Korean government should strengthen the economic relations with China for the new formation of the two countries, and also make countermeasures. On the other side, Korean government should promote corelations with China through the better understanding and the expansion of tour exchange. Besides, it is important for Chinese to understand Korea through the Korean Wave. Since the China's entry into the WTO system, the foreign enterprises have increased the investment to China and it is expected to make severe competition in China. Accordingly, it is also expected to make large investment of Korean enterprises to China. And so Korean government should make a way to enter into China for the Win-Win relations rather than competitive relations.