전통문양기법을 응용한 도자 골호 개발 연구

Abstract

All living things cannot be free from death. Even a philosopher stated 'man lives for dying.' and according to religious belief, the ultimate of death is in good death. However, all men are afraid of death regardless of religion and meet the death. Man's death is elevated to holy and comfortable death through funeral culture. Changes of funeral systems in Korea were influenced by preferred ideas and religions of each period. Burial was done from the prehistory to the era of the Three Kingdoms, cremation to the Goryeo era since the unified Shilla and burial was institutionalized in the Joseon era. Since the funeral system in the Joseon era followed cultural customs in general, it seemed that there was no special system for social control of funeral rites to the Joseon era since the era of the Three Kingdoms. But, there was social regulation of size of tomb and no cremation in the early Joseon era. Then cremation was declined gradually, but as cemetery and crematories were installed centering around big cities since 1912, building a mound by simple Confucian funeral or scattering powdered bone after cremation to mountain or river were prevailed. As Korean funeral culture preferred burial, the national territory has been changed into tomb and the difficulty in securing tombs has been increased. Such a phenomenon should not be overlooked any more from the side of narrow territorial situation and effective territory management and settlement of a new cremation culture which can solve these problems is very urgent. Although Korean people recognize these problems well, the area of personal tomb is enlarged and it is decorated more splendidly, which can result in the serious demand and supply of tombs. In addition, the conversion of burial culture into charnel culture is not easy because of individualistic disposition that they can have benefits by worshiping the their ancestors by burying them at good land and decorating tomb splendidly. Such a funeral culture should be improved by government's involvement and change of national consciousness is needed. In fact, revision of funeral regulations and establishment of funeral association enhanced the recognition of cremation and the rate of cremation has been increased. The increase of cremation resulted in that of charnel house and tombs and general public's concerns on urn to place cremated corpse at charnel house and tomb have been also increased. Urn of relics our ancestors left can be a part of ceramic art with its conceptual meaning, functional forms and patterns. As funeral by cremation has been increased, development of urn has been also required. Urn which is a form of the aesthetic approach of death is like a medium of reminding the memory of the dead to the living and house for giving eternal rest to the dead. Currently marketed urns emphasized their functionality, but had no verification in their functionality and many of them were imported from China. They were sold in high price, but satisfaction and value of commodity were evaluated without objectivity. Urn made of woods may have insect plague and use of urns made of stone or ceramic is induced. Therefore, this study compares and analyzes the uses, origin and forms of the past urn compared to modern one and is to apply them to making urn. It will research formation and pattern of the past urns and make them based on spinning technique and patterning method and aims to research the possibility of urn as a superior craft article.