머위의 항산화효능 및 항균작용에 관한 연구

Abstract

머위(Petasites japonicus S. et. Z. Max.) (영명 : Coltsfoot)는 한국, 일본, 중국 등 야산의 습지에서 자생하는 국화과(compositae) 머위속(senecio)에 속하는 다년생 근경식물(根莖植物)로, 암꽃과 수꽃이 각기 다른 포기에서 피는 숙근초(宿根草)이다. 머위의 일반 및 영양성분분석에서 잎에는 줄기보다 조단백질, 조지방 함량이 많았고 회분과 탄수화물은 줄기에 많았으며, 유리당으로는 잎과 줄기에서 공히 fructose와 glucose이 검출되었는데 잎이 줄기보다 많았다. 총 아미노산 함량은 잎과 줄기가 각각 6,753.319mg%와 2,350.00mg%이었으며, 주요 아미노산은 aspartic acid, glutamic acid, phenylalanine, leucine 및 tyrosine이었다. 머위 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성에서, In virto에서 항산화력은 ethylacetate 분획에서 항산화지수(Antioxdant Index, AI)가 1.75로 가장 높았고, 다음으로 n-hexane 분획은 1.65로 비교적 높은 항산화 활성을 나타냈다. In vivo에서, 체중증가율의 경우 6주에서 알코올만을 투여한 군은 정상군에 비하여 둔화되었으나, 머위 에탄올 추출물만을 투여한 군, 머위 에탄올 추출물과 에탄올을 병합 투여한 군은 알코올 투여로 둔화된 체중증가율이 유의하게 증가되었다. 머위 추출물은 8종의 세균 중 Bacillus 속(B. subtilis, B. cereus)과 Listeria monocytogenes, Stphylococcus aureus의 그람양성 세균에 대해서는 우수한 생장저해 효과를 나타냈으나 Shigella, Salmonella의 그람음성 세균에 대해서는 항균력이 나타나지 않았다.|The purpose of this study were to analyse the proximate and nutritional compositions, antioxidant activities in vitro and scavenging effects on oxygen free radicals generated in alcoholic liver disease in vivo and antimicrobial activities against pathogenic bacterias of Petasites japonicus S. et. Z. Max. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. In discrimination by proximate and nutritive compositions, contents of crude protein and crude fat in leaf were found to be more abundant, and major contents were fructose and glucose in sugars, and asparate, glutamate, phenylalanine and tyrosine in total amino acids, and linolenic acid and linoleic acid in fatty acids, and oxalic acid in organic acids, respectively. Potassium and K+ were the highest contents amoung minerals and cations. 2. In antioxidative activities of the P. japonicus ethanol extracts, ① In vitro, antioxidative index of ethylacetate fraction was the highest amoung fractions by 1.75, and n-hexane fraction is next by 1.65. ② In scavenging effects of P. japonicus ethanol extracts on oxygen free radicals generated in the ethanol-induced liver damage of rat liver in vivo, the growth rate of the control group was higher than that of normal group, whereas the group administered P. japonicus ethanol extracts 200mg/kg(PJ2) and 400mg/kg(PJ3) concomitantly were significantly increased and feed efficiency ratio decreased by alcohol administration were gradually increased to the adjacent level of the normal group by administering P. japonicus ethanol extracts. The AST activity elevated by ethanol was significantly decreased by administering the large dosage of P. japonicus ethanol extract, but was not showed significant changes in ALT activity. It was also observed that the hepatic activities of catalase and GSH-Px increased by ethanol were markedly decreased in PJ2 and PJ3, but not in the activities of XO and SOD as compared with the control group. The depleted content of GSH by ethanol was increased to the level of normal group by administering P. japonicus ethanol extracts, as a dose-dependant manner. 3. Antimicrobial actvity of P. japonicus extracts against 8 strans of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 14458, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 29629, Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 43893, Vibrio parahemolyticus ATCC 11143, and Shigella flexneri ATCC 11203 in vitro, 0.5% P. japonicus extracts showed excellent growth inhibition against the gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Listeria monocytogenes , but not in the gram-negative bacteria of Shigella and Salmonella. These results suggest that ethanol extracts of P. japonicus may have a protective effect on the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity and antimicrobial activity against gram-positive pathogenic bacteria.