Comparative study for osseointegration according to surface treatments of dental implants

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydroxyapatite (HA) full-coating and resorbable blast media (RBM) on the osseointegration of implants placed in the bone. Twelve rabbits were used as experimental animals and three implants were installed in each tibia. Rabbits in the control group were provided with no additional treatments to the fixture. Rabbits in experimental group I were provided with RBM treatment and rabbits in experimental group II were provided with full HA coating. The animals were sacrificed 4 weeks after implantation. The parts of the tibia containing the implant were harvested and radiographs were acquired. Specimens were prepared for histological examination and histomorphometric analysis of the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) ratio. The extent of osseointegration of the implants was different among the groups. Histomorphometrically, the full HA coating group showed the highest BIC ratio, followed by the RBM treatment and the control group. The three groups significantly differed when using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U-test. These results suggest that the full HA coating and RBM treatment to the fixture can provide significantly higher osseointegration. The full HA coating provided more osseointegration than the RBM treatment.