Alternative method to regenerate bone using Platelet rich fibrin membrane

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate PRF membrane for the rabbit calvarial bone defect in terms of new bone formation and the histological changes. Twelve skeletally mature New Zealand white male rabbits, weighing from 2.5 to 3.0 kg, were used in this study. Four equal 8 mm diameter bone defects were created in each rabbit. Subsequently, the rabbits were divided into four groups including Group I, control group without any treatment; Group II, grafted with Bongros® (Bioalpha Inc, Seongnam, Korea); Group III, grafted with Bongros® and covered with collagen membrane (Bio-gide®, Geistch, Switzerland); and Group IV, grafted with Bongros® and covered with PRF membrane. Micro CT, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses were performed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks for evaluation of defects. The results showed a significant increase in histomorphometric bone area; in addition, micro CT analysis showed significant increase in new bone formation in Groups II, III, and IV, as compared to Group I (control). However, new bone formation showed no significant differences between Groups II, III, and IV. Bio-Gide was seen at 2 and 4 weeks but not at 8 weeks; likewise, PRF membrane was seen at 2 and 4 weeks but not at 8 weeks. The application of PRF at the initial bone healing has a favorable effect. PRF includes high concentrations of growth factors. Thus, PRF has advantages in bone regeneration due to its osteoinductive ability.