Comparison of various activation methods of root canal irrigants for soft-tissue removal

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various activation methods on the efficiency of soft-tissue removal in the artificial root canal system. The artificial root canal system, including the isthmus, was fabricated using poly (methyl methacrylate). Grounded pork was filled in the isthmus, soaked with NaOCl for 5 minutes, and followed by various irrigation and activation procedures. Group 1 performed irrigation using a side-vented needle and syringe, and group 2 performed sonic activation using an activator. Furthermore, group 3 performed ultrasonic activation using EndoSonic PS tip with EMS scaler engine. Subsequently, the time taken for the complete removal of grounded pork from the isthmus was measured. The sonic and ultrasonic activation groups showed significantly higher irrigation efficacy than those without activation. The ultrasonic activation group showed a higher efficiency when compared with the sonic activation group. In conclusion, additional activation of irrigants can improve the efficiency of soft-tissue removal in anatomical structures, such as the isthmus.