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Odontoclastogenesis induced by 25-hydroxycholesterol in MDPC-23 mouse odontoblast-like cell line

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Author(s)
임향이
Issued Date
2022
Abstract
콜레스테롤로부터 합성되는 옥시스테롤 중의 하나인 25-hydroxycholesterol(25-HC)은 염증을 매개로하여 cholesterol 25-hydroxylase(CH25H)에 의해 합성된다. 본 연구에서는 MDPC-23 상아질모세포에서 25-HC에 의한 파치세포 분화유도와 그 신호전달기전을 분석하였다.
본 연구의 목적을 위해, MDPC-23 상아질모세포에서 25-HC을 이용하여 파치세포로 분화를 유도한 후, CCK-8 분석, 세포 live&dead 분석, hematoxylin & eosin 분석, TRAP 활성 및 발현 분석, 상아질 재흡수 분석, gelatin zymography 분석, western blot 분석, ROS 생성 분석, prostaglandin E2(PGE2) 생성 분석, immunocytochemistry 분석 등을 시행하였다.
25-HC은 MDPC-23 상아질모세포에서 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) 활성을 농도 의존적으로 증가시켰다. 25-HC에 의해 분화된 상아질모세포에서 파치세포의 특징 중 하나인 다핵구의 형성과 matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9, -2의 발현과 활성이 증가함을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 이러한 결과는 25-HC에 의한 상아질모세포의 파치세포 분화유도를 나타낸다. 또한 25-HC은 RANKL의 발현을 농도 의존적으로 증가시켰으며, 이와 관련된 염증인자인 iNOS, COX-2, PGE2, TNF-α 및 IL-6의 단백질 발현을 증가시켰다. 25-HC은 상아질모세포에서 파치세포 분화의 신호전달기전 바이오마커인 TRAF6, nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB), NFATc1, c-fos 및 cathepsin K의 발현을 증가시켰으며, NFATc1과 NF-κB의 핵으로의 이동 역시 증가시켰다. 뿐만 아니라 NF-κB 신호전달 억제 시 25-HC에 의한 상아질모세포의 파치세포 분화유도 또한 억제되었다.
본 연구의 결과는 25-HC가 MDPC-23 상아질모세포의 염증을 유도할 뿐만 아니라, 파치세포로의 분화를 유도할 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한 본 연구의 결과는 옥시스테롤 25-HC가 상아질 내흡수와 관련되어 있으며, 상아질 내흡수의 새로운 병인 중 하나로 작용할 수 있음을 시사한다.| Aim: To investigate the ability of 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) to induce odontoclastogenesis in MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells and the underlying mechanisms.
Methodology: 25-HC-induced odontocalst differentiation was investigated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphate (TRAP) staining and activity assay, western blotting using specific antibodies, immunocytochemistry, and dentin resorption assay. Furthermore, to investigate the effects of ROS production in 25-HC by MDPC-23 cells.
Results: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) promoted inflammation, odontoclast differentiation, and cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) expression in MDPC-23 cells. This indicated that LPS induces odontoclastogenesis by promoting the synthesis of 25-HC through the upregulation of CH25H. Treatment with 25-HC upregulated TRAP activity and increased the number of multinucleated cells in MDPC-23 cells (a morphological characteristic of odontoclast). Additionally, 25-HC upregulated the expression and activity of resorption enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2 in odontoclast differentiated from MDPC-23 cells. Furthermore, 25-HC upregulated the production of reactive oxygen species in MDPC-23 cells through the Rac1/2/3-NOXO1 axis. In addition to upregulating inflammatory mediators, such as iNOS, COX-2 and PGE2, 25-HC upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6 in MDPC-23 cells through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) axis. RANKL-RANK mediated the 25-HC-induced odontoclast differentiation of MDPC-23 cells. Odontoclast differentiation markers, such as TRAF6, NFATc1, cathepsin K, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and c-fos, were upregulated in 25-HC-treated MDPC-23 cells. Furthermore, 25-HC promoted the nuclear translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol in MDPC-23 cells. Treatment with the NF-κB inhibitor downregulated TRAP activity and the expression of odontoclastogenesis factor in 25-HC-treated MDPC-23 cells.
Conclusions: Thus, 25-HC induced odontoclast differentiation through the odontoclastogenesis factor-mediated activation of NF-κB and upregulated inflammatory mediators through the modulation of the nuclear factor Nrf2-HO-1 axis in MDPC-23 cells.
Alternative Title
MDPC-23 상아질모세포에서 25-hydroxycholesterol에 의한 파치세포화
Alternative Author(s)
LIM HYANGI
Affiliation
조선대학교 일반대학원
Department
일반대학원 치의생명공학과
Advisor
김재성
Awarded Date
2022-02
Table Of Contents
LIST OF TABLES ⅲ
LIST OF FIGURES ⅳ
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ⅴi
ABSTRACT ⅶi

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION 1

Ⅱ. MATERIALS AND METHODS 4
Ⅱ- 1. Chemicals 4
Ⅱ- 2. Cell line and cell culture 4
Ⅱ- 3. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) 4
Ⅱ- 4. Cell survival assay 5
Ⅱ- 5. TRAP staining and activity assay 5
Ⅱ- 6. Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining 6
Ⅱ- 7. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection 6
Ⅱ- 8. Western blotting 6
Ⅱ- 9. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) 7
Ⅱ-10. Immunocytochemistry 7
Ⅱ-11. Gelatin zymography 8
Ⅱ-12. Dentine resorption assay 8
Ⅱ-13. Measurement of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Production 9
Ⅱ-14. Statistical analysis 9

Ⅲ. RESULTS 10
Ⅲ- 1. CH25H upregulates the synthesis of 25-HC in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated MDPC-23 cells 10
Ⅲ- 2. 25-HC does not affect the viability of MDPC-23 cells 10
Ⅲ- 3. 25-HC induces the odontoclastogenesis of MDPC-23 cells 11
Ⅲ- 4. 25-HC accelerates dentin resorption in MDPC-23 cells through the upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 12
Ⅲ- 5. 25-HC promotes odontoclastogenesis through the nuclear translocation of NF-κ B-NFATc1 from the cytosol in MDPC-23 cells 13
Ⅲ- 6. 25-HC induces odontoclastogenesis in MDPC-23 cells by upregulating RANKL 13
Ⅲ- 7. 25-HC induces the production of ROS in MDPC-23 cells through the Rac1/2/3-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1(NOXO1) axis 14
Ⅲ- 8. 25-HC upregulates the expression of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines in MDPC-23 cells through the modulation of the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) axis 15
Ⅲ- 9. 25-HC induces odontoclastogenesis in MDPC-23 cells through the activation of the NF-κB cellular signaling pathway 16

Ⅳ. DISCUSSION 18

Ⅴ. REFERENCES 24

TABLES 32

FIGURES 34

국문초록 48
Degree
Master
Publisher
조선대학교 대학원
Citation
임향이. (2022). Odontoclastogenesis induced by 25-hydroxycholesterol in MDPC-23 mouse odontoblast-like cell line.
Type
Dissertation
URI
https://oak.chosun.ac.kr/handle/2020.oak/17255
http://chosun.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000589601
Appears in Collections:
General Graduate School > 3. Theses(Master)
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