테마버스정류장의 유니버설 디자인 평가요소 분석연구

Abstract

본 연구는 공공시설 중 광주시에서 추출한 광주광역시 공공디자인 추진계획을 바탕으로 테마로 버스정류장을 선정하였다. 광주광역시 공공디자인 가이드라인은 공공장소, 공공건축물, 공공시설, 공공영상매체로 구분하고 그 중 공공시설의 버스정류장을 집중 분석하였다. 방범환경디자인인 유니버설디자인과 CPTED 가이드라인을 중심으로 기본방향을 설정하고, 형태, 구조, 설치, 배치, 소재, 색상, 조명의 7가지 요소를 활용하여 세부적인 디자인 범위를 선정하였다. 사전적 의미에서 버스 정류장은 승객이 버스를 타고 내리기 위해 버스가 정차하는 장소로 정의할 수 있습니다. 버스정류장 또는 버스정류장이라고도 하며, 도시환경을 구성하는 요소 중 교통공동체에 포함되는 공공시설이다. 안내시설(버스표지판, 버스전광판, KIOSK), 휴게시설(버스정류장, 벤치), 안전펜스, 기타시설(휴지통, 식물, 식재)으로 구성되어 있습니다. 일반적으로 도로 가운데 가로변에 위치하여 기능성 면에서 단순한 승하차 공간으로 해석되며, 도시 경관을 형성하는 열린 공간 공간 공간으로도 해석된다. 휴게시설과 환승시설로 구분할 수 있으며, 바닥포장, 수목, 가로시설물을 결합하여 미학적이고 독창적인 공간을 시각적으로 표현함으로써 도시환경에서 필수적인 생활공간이라 할 수 있다. 선행연구를 통해 얻은 키워드와 광주광역시 공공디자인 가이드라인을 바탕으로 버스정류장에 적용할 수 있는 항목을 버스정류장에 맞게 개편하였다. 정보는 BIT 설치 여부와 버스 및 이용자의 시야를 방해하는 장애물로 분류되며, 쾌적성은 지붕 경사각의 재질, 주변 오염환경, 스톱루프 및 윈드브레이커로 분류된다. 수용성은 장애인용 점자블록, 이동선, 수평손잡이로 표기하였으며, 유연성은 야간에 조명사용 여부와 방풍기 설치 여부에 따라 분류하였다. 접근성은 도로에 승·하차할 때 교통공간과 버스정류장으로 구분하였으며, 안전을 위해 버스정류장으로 인한 위험요인 분석항목을 추출하였다. 다양한 능력과 조건을 가진 이용자들이 동시에 이용하는 버스정류장 시설물에 대해 테마를 포함한 버스정류장이 유니버설 디자인 기준을 포함하도록 설계되었는지를 분석하였다. 기존의 테마버스정류장은 테마와 디자인에 중점을 두고 계획한 반면, 광주광역시에 설치된 테마버스정류장은 유니버설디자인의 특성을 적용하려는 목적을 나타냈다. 연구의 목적을 통해 각 정류장의 문제점을 도출한 결과, 모든 이용자가 이용해야 하는 목적을 달성하기 위한 필수적인 조건으로 정보성이 만족되었고, 주변 환경 분위기나 모티브에 따라 균형을 이룰 때 쾌적성 조건이 만족되었다. . 수용해도는 버스정류장 내부의 움직임에 따라 과도하지 않고 명확하게 표현되어야 한다. 가로등을 제외한 버스정류장 내부 조명의 공간과 이용자 규모에 따른 유연성 향상이 필요하다. 편안함이 높을수록 접근성의 강도가 강해지며, 플렉시블 윈드 브레이커의 설치 여부에 따라 상충되는 해석 결과가 도출됩니다. 버스 정류장의 프레임을 담당하는 구조, 자재, 주변 환경에 따라 안전성을 비교 분석합니다.| This study selected a bus stop with a theme based on the Gwangju Metropolitan City Public Design Promotion Plan extracted from Gwangju City among public facilities. The Gwangju Metropolitan City Public Design Guidelines were classified into public spaces, public architecture, public facilities, and public visual media, and among them, the bus shelter of public facilities was analyzed intensively. The basic direction was created focusing on the Universal Design and CPTED guidelines, which are crime prevention environment designs, and detailed design ranges were selected using seven elements: shape, structure, installation, arrangement, material, color, and lighting.

In a dictionary sense, a bus stop can be defined as a place where the bus stops for passengers getting on and off the bus. It is also called a bus station or a bus stop, and is a public facility among the elements that make up the urban environment and is included in the transportation community. It consists of information facilities (bus signs, bus electronic boards, KIOSK), rest facilities (bus shelter, bench), safety fences, and other facilities (tissue bins, plants, and planting). In general, it is located on the side of the street among roads and is interpreted as a simple getting-off and getting-off space in terms of functionality, and is also interpreted as an open space space space that forms an urban landscape. It can be classified into rest facilities and transit facilities, and it can be said to be an essential living space in the urban environment by visually expressing an aesthetic and original space by combining floor pavement, trees, and street facilities.

Theme is a word derived from the Greek word Theme, expressed as a "topic" in Korean, interpreted as a center and theme representing the artist's intention, and used in literature and music. According to the dictionary definition of the theme, 'theme' can be interpreted as 1) a central problem in dialogue or research, 2) a basic idea to be expressed by the author in a work of art, 3) a central musical image constituting a single piece of music, and can be said to convey the producer's intended thoughts through the work or present the direction of the work. Currently, local governments and national projects call stops themed bus stops that can represent or symbolize the region by breaking away from the image of existing bus stops by applying design motifs. In this study, a fun and creatively designed stop was defined as a theme bus stop by a local government or institution, or by breaking away from the image of public facilities.

Based on the keywords obtained through previous studies and the public design guidelines of Gwangju Metropolitan City, items that can be applied to bus stops were reorganized to suit bus stops. Information is classified as whether or not BIT is installed and obstacles that interfere with the visibility of buses and users, and comfort is classified as the material of the roof's inclination angle, surrounding pollution environment, and stop roofs and windbreakers. Water solubility was written with braille blocks for the disabled, movement lines, and horizontal handles, and flexibility was classified by whether lights were used at night and windbreakers were installed. Accessibility was classified into traffic spaces and bus stops when entering and getting on and off the road, and for safety, analysis items for risk factors caused by bus stops were extracted.

For bus stop facilities used by users with various abilities and conditions at the same time, it was analyzed whether bus stops, including themes, were designed to include universal design standards. Existing theme bus stops were planned to focus on themes and designs, while theme bus stops installed in Gwangju Metropolitan City showed the purpose of applying the characteristics of universal design. As a result of deriving the problems of each stop through the purpose of the study, informability was satisfied with the essential conditions to achieve the objectives that all users must use, and the comfort conditions were satisfied when balanced according to the surrounding environment atmosphere or motif. Water solubility needs to be expressed clearly and not excessive according to the movement inside the bus stop. Flexibility needs to be improved according to the size of the user and space of the lighting inside the bus stop, excluding streetlights. The higher the comfort, the stronger the intensity of accessibility, while conflicting analysis results are derived depending on the installation of flexible windbreakers. Safety is compared and analyzed according to the structure, material, and surrounding environment responsible for the frame of the bus stop.